Dairy products

What is the name of the solid mass separated from whey during cheese-making?

Curd.

What will occur in a sample of milk at 20 degrees C when the pH is lowered to 4.6?

Curdling or coagu;ation

What process in yogurt manufacturing shortens the incubation time because the cultures are anaerobic and grow faster?

Deaeration

What are the consequences when milk is overheated?

Denaturation/coagulation, flavor deterioration (cooked or burnt taste), nutrient loss and sulfur release

Name three advantages of pasteurization of milk used for cheese production.

Destroy pathogenic bacteria and other odor causing bacteria, removal of undesirable gases, product uniformity, higher cheese yield, better control over acid development

What are two major reasons for pasteurizing milk?

Destroy pathogenic organisms and increase shelf life by destroying spoilage organisms

Name three alternate names for clotted cream.

Devonshire, Cornish, Scalded

What is the largest dairy farmer cooperative and what does it stand for?

DFA= Dairy Farmers of America

Name the compound responsible for the characteristic buttery flavor of fermented dairy foods.

Diacetyl

What compound in cultured butter increases it flavor?

Diacetyl

The compound responsible for the characteristic buttery flavor of fermented dairy foods is what?

Diacetyl

What enzyme in cheese will reduce diacetyl into acetoin?

Diacetyl reductase

Name 5 active compounds in Gouda cheese.

Diacetyl, 3-methylbutanal, methional, ethyl butyrate, acetic acid, 2-methylbutanal

To prevent the reoccurrence of staphylococcal food poisonings through spray-dried nonfat milk, the USDA incorporated DMCC levels as quality factor in the U.S. Standards for Grades of Nonfat Dry Milk. What does the acronym DMCC stand for?

Direct Microscopic Clump Count

What is the substrate for the phosphatase test in milk?

Disodium phenyl phosphate (or p-nitrophenyl phosphate in modern versions)

What is the name of sugar and milk heated over several hours, causing caramelization?

Dulce de Leche

Kajmak, Cajeta, and Confiture de Lait are varieties of what milk product?

Dulce de Leche / Milk-based caramel or milk jam (concentrated, sweetened milk products cooked down to a thick, caramelized consistency)

What is the name of Dulce de Leche in Phillippines is made with carabao milk?

Dulce Gatas/ Pastillas de Leche

Gouda is traditionally eaten with what condiment?

Dutch mustard

What is the name of semi-hard cheese from the Netherlands, packaged in red paraffin wax?

Edam