Ici, tu apprends tout sur cette carte d'apprentissage
CBAlc
Cartes à choix multiple
Cartes normales
Total cartes
Catégorie
Langue
De
Marmite is made from what?
Brewer's yeast
What type of enzyme is added during brewing to break down starch into fermentable sugars, particularly maltose?
Amylase
What fortified wine originated in Jerez de las Frontera in Spain?
Sherry
What tea variant is known for its subtle sweet and unique fragrance?
Jasmine/Oolong
What compound provides the bitter taste in coffee?
Caffeine
Early colonial New England’s largest and most profitable industry was distilling what product?
Rum
How many calories does a regular 12 oz beer have?
~ 150 kcal
Why are PVPP, gelatin added to beverages?
Clarification
What is the standardized method of brewing tea?
ISO 3103
Which of the following is a tall cocktail glass that holds up to 12 oz of liquid? A. Old fashioned B. Highroller C. Snifter D. Highball
D. Highball
Which alcoholic beverage is distilled from fermented molasses or sugarcane juice?
Rum.
What is the method champenoise?
The carbonation of wine by secondary fermentation in the bottle.
Define chapatalization.
Adding sugar (often in the form of cane sugar or grape concentrate) to must (crushed grape juice) before fermentation to increase the alcohol content of the wine
Name the five ingredients used in Long island iced tea.
vodka, rum, gin, tequila, triple sec
The part of the beer making process that involves heating malt and water to 60 C to facilitate enzymatic reactions is called what?
Mashing
What is the name of green tea that is then allowed to ferment and compost?
Post-Fermented Tea
Amontillado sherry originates from what country?
Jerez, Spain
What are the four main ingredients in making beer?
Water, yeast, malted barley, and hops
What are adjuncts used in breweries? What is their purpose?
Adjuncts are ingredients other than malted barley that are used in brewing to add flavor, color, or texture; and also additional starch. Common adjuncts include corn, rice, oats, wheat, rye, fruits, spices, herbs, and honey.
Who invented Coca Cola?
John Stith Pemberton
What enzyme is responsible for making methanol in wine production?
Pectin methyl esterase, pectinase
One ton of grapes create how many cases of wine?
60
Who regulates alcohol in US?
TTB (Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau)
In beer making when does dry hopping occur?
After fermentation
What are English hops? Name two of them.
English hops refer to hop varieties traditionally grown in England, such as Fuggle, East Kent Goldings, and Challenger. These hops are often used for their earthy, floral, and herbal flavors and aromas.
Mezcal is a type of which popular alcoholic beverage?
Tequila, made from the agave plant, often with a smoky flavor
Jagermeister is a German digestif made with 56 herbs and spices. Please list 5 of the known (some are kept a trade secret) herbs or spices in this spirit.
Citrus peel, licorice, star anise, poppy seeds, saffron, ginger, juniper berries, ginseng, cinnamon (bark), chamomile flowers, lavender, rose hips, red sandalwood, blueberries
Give 4 examples of cereal adjuncts used in beer making.
What is the German beer style that is brewed with coriander and sea salt?
Gose
In beer making, during the boiling process, roughly 25-35% of the alpha acids in the bitter hops are converted to what compound?
Iso-alpha acids
Why is beer frequently used for deep fried foods?
The protein in beer helps with browning; the carbonation helps to create a light, crispy batter; the alcohol content also evaporates quickly, which contributes to the crispness and texture.
What beer style do you need sour cheeries to?
Lambic
What type of tea is wilted, crushed, and fully oxidized?
Black Tea
The Reinheitsgebot law from 1516 AD in Germany identified what?
Three ingredients that can be used to brew beer: barley, water and hops
What fermentation product gives beer and carbonated beverages their characteristic fizz?
Carbon Dioxide
A brandy is 90 proof, so what is its percent of alcohol?
45% alcohol
What is the most popular tea variety in China?
Dragon Well (Longjing) and Biluochun
What Japanese wine is made from fermented rice?
Sake
What root is the typical flavor of root beer derived from?
Sassafras tree roots
Scotch whisky’s distinctive flavor comes from what?
Smoke from the use of peat
What is the primary carbohydrate source in sake fermentation?
Rice starch.
Name 5 sources of tea other than camelia sinensis.
What is the process of pouring wine back and forth between two vessels to increase oxygen contact and improve flavor?
Decanting (or Aerating)
Name three countries from the top 5 producers of tea.
China, India, Kenya, Sri Lanka, Vietnam/Turkey
What are the 6 grape varieties that can be used to make Red Bordeaux wine?
Merlot, Cabernet Sauvignon, Cabernet franc, Petit verdot, Malbec, Carmenere
Does root beer have alcoholic content?
Some do, some don't. It comes in two forms: alcoholic and soft drink.
In the brewing industry what physio chemical process is saccharification referred to?
Refers to the enzymatic hydrolysis of malt starches into simple sugars, that can be part of yeast fermentation.
Which young french wine is released annually on the 3rd Thursday in Nov?
Beaujolais nouveau
Describe the beer fermentation process.
The act of using yeast and simple sugars to produce ethyl alcohol and CO2
A wine lacking in sweetness is referred to as what?
Dry
What is Secondary/malolactic fermentation in wine production?
Malolactic fermentation is a process where lactic acid bacteria (Oenococcus Oeni) convert malic acid (which is tart and acidic) into lactic acid (which is softer and smoother), reducing the wine's overall acidity and giving it a rounder, more mellow taste.
What yeast species is most commonly used in alcoholic fermentation?
Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
What is the primary acid that gives wine its tartness and is responsible for many of its preservation properties?
Tartaric acid
What are the two main overall hop categories used in brewing?
Aromatic hops and bittering hops
What is a "terroir" in the winemaking industry?
Terroir refers to the combination of factors such as the soil, climate, topography, and traditional practices that influence the characteristics of a wine, giving it a unique identity based on the vineyard's location.
In Russian, what is the meaning of the word Vodka?
Little stream/little water
What country is the world's largest cultivator of coffee?
Brazil
What is the usual alcohol % in wine?
10-14% in most California wines. Above 14% results in a heavy tax imposed on the manufacturer
How many millions of bubbles are in a champagne bottle?
49 million bubbles (if they are remotely close give it to them!)
What is the primary sugar source used in brewing beer?
Malted barley.
Name 4 distilled beverages and the product that is distilled to make them.
Guinness stout beer is a product of this country: England, Scotland, Wales, Ireland
Ireland
What phenomena in wine is a visualization of the Gibbs-Marangoni effect?
Tears of wine or the wine legs
What is the main flavor of Earl Grey Tea?
Bergamot orange
Rank the following beers from lightest color to darkest color as described by the European Brewery Convention or EBC. Dunkel, Porter, Pilsener, India Pale Ale, Stout and Saison
Pilsener, Saison, India Pale Ale, Dunkel, Porter, Stout
What flavor compound is responsible for the flavor of the Italian liquor Amarreto?
Benzaldehyde
What are the 3 ingredients used to make Grand Marnier liquor?
Cognac brandy, essence of bitter orange and sugar
What preservative is added to wine?
Sulfur dioxide SO2
What is the cause of the haze in beer?
The haze in beer is often caused by the interaction between proteins (from the malt) and polyphenols (from hops), especially when the beer hasn't been properly filtered or conditioned.
In beer making what is the liquid fraction of the mash called?
Wort
Where did Kvass originate?
Russia
Beers that are made out of grains other than barley, oats, rye, or wheat are known as what type of beer?
Gluten-free beer
In beer making, what is the common name for germinated barley?
Malt
What is the term for inverting a bottle of champagne to move sediment from the bottle to the neck?
Riddling
What is the percentage acid, by weight, in a typical cola?
0.05-0.1%
In whiskey making, wetting the barley grains to stimulate germination is called:
Malting
What happens to a bottle of wine if before you bottle it you forget to put the stuff in it that prevents it from fermenting?
It explodes
Why were hops originally used in beer?
They are a natural preservative
What term in viticulture encompasses geographical factors such as soil, climate and topography?
Terroir
"True tea" originates from Camellia sinensis. Name the five types of tea.
Black, White, Green, Oolong and Pu-erh
What is the difference between bottled beer and draft beer?
Draft is unpasteurized and hence has a shorter shelf life
What is the name of the cocktail made of cognac, orange liqueur, and lemon juice that was invented around the end of World War I and is named for a motorcycle attachment?
Sidecar
What is the processing difference between green tea and black tea?
In green tea, leaves are steam-treated before drying to inactivate enzymes and avoid color change from green to black; In black tea, manufacturing enzymes are not inactivated, but fermentation occurs which changes color from green to black prior to drying
One of the main characters from the popular sitcom 'Sex and the City', Carrie Bradshaw, always orders this drink on her frequent nightclub visits with girlfriends. Name the drink and its four components.
Cosmopolitan cocktail; made with vodka, triple sec, lime juice/lime, cranberry juice
What tea variant is known for its hint of pine, dried plum, and floweriness?
Keemun
What is the cause of the dark flavor of Stout?
Dark roasted malt or barley in hops
How is CO2 produced in traditional champagne manufacture?
Additional sugar (24g/L) and yeast are added prior to bottling, whereafter yeast participate in a 2nd fermentation to produce CO2
What was originally used in beer for its antimicrobial properties?
Hops
Kirsch is a brandy made of which fruit?
Cherries
What are the wooden boards added to wine to impart flavor called?
Oak staves
What is the process in which beer is matured at colder temperatures for many weeks, even up to a year?
Lagering
Putting pressure on top of coffee to make the first espresso (strong in taste but weak in caffeine) began where?
Italy
In the brewing industry, what is 'pitching'?
Addition of yeast to the cooled wort
What is the main difference in the manufacturing steps between red and white wine production?
Red wine is fermented w/ the grape skins on
What is the name of the yeast considered spoilage in beers unless in lambic beer?
A. Saccharomyces Cerevisiae
B. Saccharomyces Carlsbergenus
C. Brettanomyces
D. Candida albicans
C. Brettanomyces
Which is the only US state that produces coffee?
Hawaii
Name 4 scales used to measure specific gravity in beverages.
Plato, Baume, Balling, Specific gravity, and Brix.
Rooibos leaves are used to make what type of tea?
Red tea
Which popular soda beverage was originally created as a chaser/mixer for whiskey?
Mountain Dew
What is amelioration as used in winemaking?
Addition of water into must to decrease the concentration of sugar, acid and other wine components
What type of tea is wilted, but unoxidized?
White tea
Tea comes from which of the following plants?
Camellia sinensis
Name 5 ingredients used in chai, a preparation of tea popular in Indian subcontinent.
Steeping: Barley grains are soaked in water to promote germination. This step is essential for starting the biochemical processes that break down starches into fermentable sugars.
Germination: The soaked barley is allowed to germinate under controlled conditions. During this stage, enzymes are activated, which break down the stored starches into simpler sugars that are later used in the fermentation process.
Kilning: After germination, the grains are dried in a kiln to stop the germination process. This step not only halts further enzyme activity but also imparts specific flavors and colors to the malted barley.
With respect to brewery, what is wort?
Wort is the liquid extracted from malted barley after mashing. It contains sugars that will be fermented by yeast to produce alcohol.
Which extra component makes a martini a dirty martini?
Olive brine
What is enology?
The study of wine and winemaking
What is the main difference between lager and ale beer fermentation?
Lager uses bottom fermentation at low temperatures; ale uses top fermentation at higher temperatures.
Ceylon is a tea variety from which country?
Sri Lanka
How are alcoholic and soft drink root beer made differently?
Soft drink root beer uses extracts or flavored syrups in carbonated water. Alcoholic root beer is bottle-fermented with yeast.
Used frequently in mixology, what is oleo saccharum and its main ingredients?
Oleo-saccharum is Latin for 'oil-sugar' and is the name given to the syrup made by using sugar's hygroscopic property to extract the fragrant natural oils in citrus fruit peels – most commonly lemons.
What is triple sec?
Orange-flavored liqueur, originated in France, 20-40%
What is the name of the cocktail that contains white rum, mint, soda water, lime juice and sugar?
Mojito
What variety of grape is used for fume blanc wine?
Sauvignon Blanc
What is the difference between regular beer and light beer?
Light beer averages 33% less calories than regular beer
From which country does Reisling originate?
Germany
What type of tea is unwilted and unoxidized, but allowed to oxidize to yellow?
Yellow Tea
What are pink-hued wines, sometimes called white zinfandel in the US, commonly known as?
Kopi Luwa is the world’s most expensive coffee. What is the cost of 1 lb of this coffee?
$500-$1000 per pound (USD)
What organism ferments wine?
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
In red wine, what sensory property is correlated with tannin concentration?
Astringency
Which microorganism is responsible for malolactic fermentation in wine?
Oenococcus oeni
What is Free-run juice wrt wine production?
The juice separated from the seeds, stems, and skins following the initial crush without pressing
To be classified as Champagne a sparkling wine must have 90psi or 6 atm of pressure. What is the concentration of sugar added, known as the liqueur de triage, to achieve this pressure during the 2nd fermentation?
24 g/L
At what stage of coffee processing does caffeine extraction take place?
Green bean stage
Russia did not classify beer as an alcoholic product till what year? 1981, 1991, 2001, 2011
2011
What is the scientific name for European wine grapes and American wine grapes and provide 2 specific wine grapes for each.
Chemical substance that imparts bitterness or astringency to a wine, these also act as antioxidants in wine to prevent acetic acid production
What is the caloric content of alcohol?
7 Cal/g
What is malt?
Barley or another cereal grain that has been germinated (sprouted), dried, and often roasted
Define Ale.
Ale is a type of beer that is brewed using top-fermenting yeast at warmer temperatures (typically between 60-72°F or 15-22°C), resulting in a fruity, robust flavor.
The official distilled spirit of the US is what?
Bourbon or bourbon whiskey
What type of tea contains muscatel tones?
Darjeeling
Tannins produce the dry feeling in your mouth after taking a sip of which of the following? Rum, beer, whiskey, red wine
Red wine
what is the maximum amount of sulfites legally permitted by FDA in wines?
350 ppm (usually 50-150 ppm in wines)
Which tea is blanched and partially fermented prior to drying to maintain the activity of the polyphenols and prevents oxidation of the polyphenols?
Oolong Tea
What is the rate limiting step in a beer fermentation?
Beer fermentation must continue until yeast uptake the diacetyl they excreted during fermentation. Diacetyl must be lowered to between 0.1 and 0.01 mg/L
Wine is often classified according to the year the crop was harvested. What is the term for this?
Vintage
What root is often used as a caffeine-free coffee substitute or adjunct due to its resemblance in color and aroma to coffee?
Chicory
Name the favorite drink of the fictional secret agent James Bond and how he likes it served.
Dry Martini, shaken not stirred (vodka martini and dirty martini acceptable)
Mead is an alcoholic beverage made with what?
Honey
What is the unfermented beer called?
Wort
The amount of alcohol in beers sold or created and sold in the United States is measured by using what method?
ABV- alcohol by volume
What is the name of a sweet, dark liquor made from blackcurrants?
Cassis or crème de cassis
The Mexican liquor Kahlua is primarily flavored with what?
Coffee
List two unacceptable flavor compounds in beer, and what flavor do they impart?
Diacetyl - butter or butterscotch; dimethyl sulfide - cooked vegetable, corn, black currant; Ethyl nicotinate - medicinal; Acetaldehyde - green apples; short chain fatty acids - cheese, goat, body odor and wet dog; alcohols other than ethanol - coconut or solvent character
What is the pH range of beer? a. 2-3 b. 3-5 c. 5-6 d. 6-7
b. 3-5
Concerning cognac, what does VSOP stand for?
Very superior old pale
Which organism is responsible for primary fermentation in wine?
Fermentation done by yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae)
Name three major hop-growing countries.
Germany, U.S., Czech Republic
What is the name of the robotic tool for assessing beer sensory attributes?
RoboBEER
What is the primary sugar in grapes that ferments into wine?
Glucose and fructose
What is chill proofing of beer?
Addition of papain to prevent haze due to interaction between protein and tannins
How are fortified wines made?
Addition of brandy or other distilled spirits to regular wine
What barrels are used to age bourbon?
Aged in new, charred oak barrels
Under ideal conditions, how many hours are required to double the yeast population used in vinification?
2 hours.
What does VVSOP mean on a Cognac bottle?
Very very superior old pale
Which compound contributes to haze formation in beer?
Proteins and polyphenols.
What does SCOBY stand for and what is it used in the production of?
Symbiotic Culture Of Bacteria & Yeast (used for kombucha production)
What plant contributes bitter flavor and pleasant aroma to beer?
Hops
What is Bâtonnage wrt wine making?
Bâtonnage is a winemaking technique, meaning "stirring" in French, where winemakers gently stir settled lees (dead yeast cells and other solids) back into the wine to enhance flavor, aroma, and texture, and prevent undesirable flavors.
What is the major ingredient in carbonated soft drinks?
Carbonated water
Give the genus and species of the microorganism used in the fermentation of tequila.
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
The generally accepted oldest food law is the 'Reinheitsgebot' law aka German Purity Law which defines beer can contain what three ingredients?
Barley/malt as well as water but the third ingredient is hops.
In the production of tea, which type undergoes the highest degree of oxidation: Green, Oolong, or Black tea?
Black tea
What is the major fermentable sugar in brewer’s wort?
Maltose
What is the capacity of a US beer barrel?
31 gallons/ 117.3 L
If desired alcohol content of wine is to be 10% what percent sugar should you start with?
20-24% or 20 degree Brix
An expert in wine is called a sommelier. What is an expert in beer called?
Cicerone
Which type of south american tea is traditionally served in a gourd?
Yerba mate
Mead is made by fermenting honey.
True
What scale is used to measure the bitterness of commercially brewed beers?
IBU (International Bitterness Unit)
Which yeast species is most commonly used in beer and wine fermentation?
Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
What is the name of the Indian beverage made from tea leaves, often added with spices, milk, and sugar?
Chai
What type of tea is wilted, bruised and partially oxidized?
Oolong Tea
Traditionally what day is the wine Beaujolais nouveau available for sale?
3rd Thursday of November each year.
When cysteine in wine breaks down, what happens to the sensory quality?
The wine develops a sulfurous or rotten-egg like odor
This particular wine is known as toddi/tadi in India, Malafu in Africa, Tuba in Mexico, and Tuak in Indonesia. Name the wine or what it is made from.
Palm wine (wine made from any palm trees such as coconut palm)
Name 3 popular grapevine species used as wine grape rootstock.
Vitis vinifera, Vitis riparia, Vitis rupestris
Name the French liqueur made from elderflowers.
Saint Germain
Which compound formed during wine fermentation contributes buttery aromas and is later reduced during malolactic fermentation?
Diacetyl.
What are the common adjuncts added to beer?
Oats, Wheat, Corn, Rice, fruits, honey, spices.
What term describes the opposite of a sparkling wine?
Still wine
Are coffee beans decaffeinated before or after roasting and why?
Before, to prevent loss of flavor
What is added to wine when the acidity is off?
Tartaric acid
What's the country of origin for the following beers: Sapporo, Heineken, Molson, Bass, Guinness Stout, Anheuser Busch?
Describe the six steps of brewing/beer making process.
Malting: Barley is soaked, germinated, and dried to create malted barley, which contains enzymes that convert starches into fermentable sugars.
Mashing: The malted barley is mixed with hot water in a mash tun to extract the sugars and create "wort" (the sugary liquid).
Boiling: The wort is boiled, and hops are added to provide bitterness, flavor, and aroma.
Fermentation: The cooled wort is transferred to a fermentation vessel, and yeast is added to ferment the sugars into alcohol and carbon dioxide.
Conditioning: The beer is left to mature, allowing flavors to develop and carbonation to settle.
Packaging: After conditioning, the beer is filtered, carbonated, and packaged for distribution.
What are the ingredients of butter tea?
Tea, yak butter (or regular butter), water, and salt.
Botrytis cinerea is a mold found on grapes, aka noble rot. What 2 wine styles require botrytis during growing or processing?
Sauternes and Tokaji
During beer production, what is the name of the process where starches in the malt are converted into fermentable sugars by amylase enzymes?
Mashing
What liquor is made from the blue agave plant?
Tequila
Alcohol which is 150 proof contains how much alcohol by volume?
0.75
Which secondary fermentation process reduces acidity and stabilizes wine?
Malolactic fermentation.
What is the alcohol level in alcoholic root beer?
5-6%
In the German brewing process, what constituents are mixed to create the mash?
Malted grain and water
Which company who was granted a US patent in 1989 created a device known as a 'widget' to aid in the formation of a nitrogen foam head in canned beverages?
Guinness brewery
What is distilled wine known as?
Brandy
The amount of effervescence in a sparkling wine is dependent on the amount of what compound?
CO2
What compound is primarily responsible for bitterness in beer?
Iso-alpha acids.
What is the food colorant added to curacao to make blue curacao?
Brilliant Blue FCF (Blue #1)
What type of tea is brewed from daisies?
Chamomile
What is the main difference between a lager yeast and ale yeast? State the scientific names and optimum temperatures for both.
Ale - top fermenting and ferments at warmer temp; Lager - bottom fermenting and ferments at cooler temps. Ale: 16-25 C, Lager: 7-13 C. Ale: Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Lager: Saccharomyces pastorianus
A mint julep is an alcoholic drink consisting of sugar, water, mint, and what alcoholic spirit?
Bourbon Whiskey
Which of the following is an unaged spirit made from grain and potatoes: A.vodka, B.champagne, C.gin, or D.whiskey?
A. Vodka
What is "Sweetness" in terms of wine?
Residual sugar in wine, up to 1.5%
Name the fruit used to flavor gin.
Juniper berries
What are the three requirements for being called a 'Scotch whiskey'?
Must be produced and aged in Scotland, must be aged for three years in oak barrels, must be made with barley
What is Krausening (used in beer production)?
Krausening is a German technique where fresh wort (unfermented beer) (called "kräusen") is added to beer during secondary fermentation, often to naturally carbonate the beer and improve its flavor and clarity.
What is the impure distillation product of white wine?
Grape Pomace, Pomace Brandy eg. Grappa in Italy
What is the chief difference between the grape must that is used in dessert wine fermentation vs. normal wine fermentation?
Espresso shot in glass, add steamed milk then a layer of foamed milk
Name the genus and species of bottom fermentation in lager beer.
Saccharomyces pastorianus
Botrytis cinerea is a mold found on grapes. What 2 wines styles require botrytis during growing or processing?
Sauternes and Tokaji
Which 4 countries comprise the 'Old World' region of wine production?
FIGS= France, Italy, Germany, Spain
Which wine is deliberately oxidized?
Sherry (specifically styles like Oloroso and Amontillado)
What is the main spirit found in each of the following cocktails? Pina colada, daiquiri, John Collins, flying grasshopper, margarita, martini, bloody mary, bloody maria, manhatten, mint julep, sidecar
Which component of wine is glycosylated/polymerized during aging?
Tannins
Define a fortified wine and give an example.
When distilled alcohol is added to wine to increase the alcohol content; port, sherry, madeira, marsala, Commandaria wine and vermouth.
What additional ingredients in addition to Bergamot Orange does a Lady Grey have compared to Earl Grey?
Orange and Lemon Peels
What are 2 bitter compounds in coffee?
Caffeine and chlorogenic acids
On St Patricks day, which food is used to color beer green?
Blue/green food coloring
In beer making, what does IBU stand for and what does it indicate?
International Bitterness Units; measures the concentration of hop compounds in beer, specifically concentration of isohumulone, an acid found in hops that gives beer its bitter taste
Which compound is primarily responsible for bitterness in coffee?
What is the country of origin for Kolsch, a type of beer?
Cologne, Germany
What are the highest ethanol concentrations yeast can withstand during fermentation?
12-15% ethanol by volume
Which cereal grain is the primary ingredient in whiskey?
Barley (often mixed with other grains)
What is the technique in wine making called wherein the lees is stirred back into the wine to enhance sensory attributes?
Bâtonnage
Production of what alcoholic beverage involves two-stage fermentation?
Champagne or other sparkling wines
What is the term 'must' wrt wine production?
The mash of freshly pressed grapes and their juice
What do we mean by 'dry' wine?
Little to no residual sugar
The process in which sugar is added to adjust grape juice before alcoholic fermentation is called?
Chaptalization
Which two countries are the leading producers and exporters of tea?
India, China
What beverage is caramel color most used for?
Cola beverages
What is the name of the sweet syrup added to sparkling wines for secondary fermentation?
Tirage or Liquer de tirage
The presence of mold Botrytis cinerea in wine can create a problem in: A.fermentation, B.crushing, C.filtration, or D.aging
C. filtration: it produces B-glucans, which are large polymers that clog filters
Reserva Cava is a sparkling wine. What is the age difference between Reserve Cava compared to NV Champagne?
15 months on lees, the same as NV champagne
What compound is responsible for canned corn or vegetable soup off aroma in beer?
Dimethyl sulfide (DMS)
How many calories does a 12 oz light beer have?
~ 100 kcal
What is the name of the process used by winemakers to create young highly colored and fruity wines?
Carbonic maceration
What spirit is traditionally made from agave?
Tequila.
What microorganism is primarily responsible for converting sugars into alcohol during fermentation?
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (yeast).
California produces more wine than Italy.
False
What is the botanical name of the plant that hops are extracted from?
Humulus lupulus
What grain is used as the substrate in the production of sake?
Rice
The largest beer manufacturing company in the world is ___.
Anheuser-Busch InBev, Leuven, Belgium
What is the pH range of wine?
3/4/2026 12:00:00 AM
Name four varieties of noble hops.
Noble hops are classic European varieties that are responsible for the signature flavors of pilsner and other Continental lagers. The four noble varieties are: Hallertauer Mittelfrüh, Tettnang, Spalt, Saaz
Hops, used in the brewing of beer comes from which part of the Humulus lupulus plant?
Flower or blossom or cones
What is Racking wrt breweries?
Pulling off the clearer liquid above the lees in the barrels or containers
What is the minimum proof of rum?
80
What is the term 'lees' wrt wine production?
The material that settles at the bottom of the fermentation tank/barrel
In wine making, what is the process in which the tannins, coloring agents, and flavor compounds are leached from grape skins/stems into the must?
Maceration
Discuss beer production: List the four main ingredients of beer. Explain the role of yeast during fermentation. Name two compounds responsible for bitterness and aroma in hops.
Four main ingredients of beer: Water, Malted barley (or other grains), Hops, Yeast
Role of yeast: Yeast (typically Saccharomyces cerevisiae or S. pastorianus) ferments fermentable sugars into ethanol and carbon dioxide. Also produces flavor compounds such as esters, higher alcohols, and organic acids.
Compounds responsible for bitterness and aroma in hops: Alpha acids (e.g., humulone) → bitterness, Essential oils (e.g., myrcene, humulene) → aroma
What class of compounds causes bitterness and astringency in red wines?
Tannins
What makes red wine red?
Anthocyanins (from grapes)
Which soft drink was the first to be offered in a 2 Liter bottle?
Pepsi (1970)
What is performed prior to grinding in the production of coffee?
Roasting
What popular drink did a Dutch medical professor produce in his laboratory while trying to come up with a blood cleanser that could be sold in drugstores?
Gin
In brewing, what is the name of the step when the malt is dried and what reaction causes unintended consequences?
Kilning; Maillard Reaction
Please list the following from least alcohol to highest alcohol by percentage. Cider, vodka, beer, port, Shochu
Beer, cider (cider or beer may be swapped), port, Shochu, vodka
What is the main difference between Chinese and Japanese tea?
Japanese tea is steamed, Chinese Tea is pan-fired/roasted
Blanching of tea leaves is performed to inactivate what enzyme?
PPO Polyphenol Oxidase
What are the crystals that can form on the inside of a cork of a wine bottle?
Known as wine diamonds, tartrate crystals
There are 2 main differences between scotch and whiskey. What are they?
Geography: Scotch is made in Scotland, and whiskey can be made anywhere.
Substrate: Scotch is made from malted barley and bourbon from distilled corn.
Where was Pina colada invented?
San Juan, Puerto Rico, 1950s
T2N is a compound often found in stale beers. What does it stand for?
Trans-2-nonenal
What is staggered fermentation?
Separate fermentation from the same fermenter at the same time
Where does the wine Vin Jaune originate?
Jura region of France
Stale beer frequently contains elevated levels of what compound?
Trans-2-nonenal (aka T2N)
With regard to wines, what does the abbreviation AOC mean?
The original root used in root beer is no longer used as it is toxic. What is the name of this root?
Sassafras (compound that is toxic is safrole)
What do sec, demi sec and brut describe?
The sweetness of sparkling wines such as Champagne. Sec: medium sweet, Demi-sec: slightly sweet, Brut: dry or not sweet. 90% of champagne wines are categorized as Brut.
Which is the main yeast used in beer production?
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (for ales) and Saccharomyces pastorianus (for lagers)
Which mold found on wine grapes is known as noble rot?
Botrytis cinerea
What are the compounds in hops that provide the bitter component and that affect the taste of beer the most?
Alpha acids such as humulones
Which organic acid is primarily responsible for sourness in wine?
Tartaric acid.
Light beer is made by using a new low protein variety called Soft Spring Kansas Wheat
False
What is black strap rum?
Rum to which black strap molasses is added
Name the genus and species of the organism predominantly responsible for malolactic fermentation in wine.
Oenococcus oeni
What is the German technique in beer making to carbonate the beer using actively fermenting wort, without using sugars or other adjuncts?
Krausening
What is 'ice wine'?
Wine produced from grapes naturally frozen on the vine
What is the process in beer manufacturing where the starches in grains are broken down into fermentable sugars?
82
|
0
|