Food laws and regulations

What do the following abbreviation stand for?APHIS, FTC, NMFS, NTIS, OSHA, EPA

APHIS-Animal, Plant Health Inspection Service FTC-Federal Trade Commission NMFS-National Marine Fisheries Service NTIS-National Technical Information EPA-Environmental Protection Agency OSHA-Occupational Safety and Health Administration Service

Give the names of the 5 non-nutritive sweeteners the FDA has designated as GRAS.

Aspartame (NutraSweet® and Equal®) Acesulfame-K (Sweet One®) Neotame Saccharin (Sweet’N Low®) Sucralose (Splenda®)

What are the 4 basic chemical classes of certified dyes?

azo, anthraquinone, carbonyl, phthalocyanine

in 2000, a proposal was submitted to the FDA for review to require the addition of 2 essental fatty acids to a particular product. Name the fatty acids and the product.

Baby formula: docosahexanois acid (DHA) and arachidonic acid (AA)

Give the history of name changes of FDA.

Beginning as the Division of Chemistry in 1862 and then (after July 1901) the Bureau of Chemistry, the modern era of the FDA dates to 1906 with the passage of the Federal Food and Drugs Act; this added regulatory functions to the agency's scientific mission. The Bureau of Chemistry's name changed to the Food, Drug, and Insecticide Administration in July 1927, when the non-regulatory research functions of the bureau were transferred elsewhere in the department. In July 1930 the name was shortened to the present version.

According to the NLEA, only 11 health claims will be allowed on food labels; name 5.

calcium and osteoporosis,folate and neural tube defects,sodium and hypertension,dietary fat and cancer,dietary sat. fat/cholesterol and coronary heart disease,soy intake and cancer,fruits and veg and cancer

Fat is of increasing concern in our diets. Name the four required fat declarations on the Nutrition Facts label.

calories from fat, total fat, saturated fat, cholesterol

Name the two limited use synthetic colorants which are no longer used in food products but are still approved by FDA, and their approved application.

Citrus Red No. 2: Coloring orange peels, Orange B: Coloring hot dog and sausage casings

Describe the three classes of FDA food recalls.

Class I (serious health risk), Class II (temporary or reversible effects), Class III (unlikely to cause harm).

Name the three classes of product recalls and the health hazards associate with them.

Class I: Serious health hazard; Class II: Possible health hazard; Class III: No health hazard

In which year was the color additive ammendment was done in FDCA? What did it achieve?

Color Additive Amendments of 1960, a part of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act, established that color additives, except for coal-tar hair dyes, must be approved by the FDA before use in food, drugs, cosmetics, and certain medical devices.

9 major allergenes that must be declared in US.

Dairy Egg Soy Wheat Peanuts Treenuts Fish Shellfish Sesame

Name the year in which following acts/amendments were enacted and if applicable, what do they stand for: DSHEA, FPLA, color additive ammendment in FDCA, Delaney Clause in FDCA, FSMA, NLEA, FDCA, Pure Food and Drug Act, Meat Inspection Act, Massachusetts "An Act against selling unwholesome provisions", WMA, GMP

DSHEA: Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act, 1994 FPLA: Fair Packaging and Labelling Act, 1967 Color Additive ammendment in FDCA: 1960 Delaney Clause in FDCA: 1958 FSMA: Food Safety Modernization Act, 2011 NLEA: Nutrition Labelling and Education Act, 1990 FDCA: Federal Food Drug and Cosmetic Act 1938 Pure Food and Drug Act: 1906 Meat Inspection Act: 1906 Massachusetts "An Act against selling unwholesome provisions": 1785 WMA: Wholesome Meat Act, 1967 GMP: Good Manufacturing Practices, 1958

The USDA Farm Service Agency was founded in 1935. It has undergone many name changes. List 4 of its previous names.

Farm security administration, resettlement administration, commodity stabilization service, agricultural stabilization and conservation service, consolidated farm service agency

Name the six synthetic dyes permitted by FDA in food.

FD&C Blue No. 1 Brilliant Blue FCF, FD&C Blue No. 2 Indigotine/ Indigo Carmine, FD&C Green No. 3 Fast Green FCF, FD&C Red No. 40 Allura Red AC, FD&C Yellow No. 5 Tartrazine, FD&C Yellow No. 6 Sunset Yellow FCF

What actions can FDA take against companies or individuals who market adulterated or misbranded cosmetics?

FDA can pursue action through the Department of Justice in the federal court system, request a federal district court to issue a restraining order, may be subject to seizure or crimal action. Mandatory Recall Authority. Under the Modernization of Cosmetics Regulation Act (MoCRA), the FDA now has the power to order a mandatory recall if a company refuses to voluntarily recall a product that is likely to cause serious adverse health consequences.

What are the key differences between the FDA and the USDA?

FDA is smaller and covers safety and labeling of food, drugs, makeup and medical devices. USDA is larger and covers all aspects of food and food production.

List three (3) impacts of the Public Health Security and Bioterrorism Preparedness and Response Act (aka Bioterrorism Act) on FDA regulation of the food industry.

FDA now has administrative detention authority for foods suspected of being adulterated; All food processing and handling facilities under FDA jurisdiction must register with the agency; Importers of food must give prior notice to the FDA; Establishment and maintenance of records; Eliminated “port shopping” by importers;

What three US government agencies regulate GMO?

FDA, APHIS-USDA, EPA

Name 4 US departments that are involved in seafood regulation.

FDA, USDA, Department of Commerce, NMFS, CDC, EPA.