Card 221
Question
The D-value in thermal processing represents the time required to destroy what percentage of a specific microorganism at a given temperature?
Answer
90% (or one log cycle)
Microbiology
Discover Microbiology: 822 flashcards with questions and answers.
- Subject
- Sciences / Chemistry
- Language of creation
- English
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Cards in this set
Card 222
Question
The magnification of a microscope with an eye piece of 10X and an objective of 97 X is what?
Answer
970X
Card 223
Question
What is 4D reduction?
Answer
99.99%.
Card 224
Question
A 6D process reduces the population of the target organism by what percent?
Answer
99.9999%
Card 225
Question
What is an anaerobic bacteria?
Answer
A bacteria that does not require oxygen for growth
Card 226
Question
In thermal processing, the z-value represents the temperature change required to change the D-value by what factor?
Answer
A factor of 10 (or one log cycle).
Card 227
Question
What are lactic acid bacteria?
Answer
A group of Gram+, non-spore forming, catalase negative, aerotolerant anaerobes, which carry out the fermentation of sugars
Card 228
Question
What is the ‘best if used by/best before’ date used for?
Answer
A guide to the quality or flavor profile of a food product
Card 229
Question
What is a biofilm?
Answer
A layer of microorganisms formed on the surface of foods that is highly resistant to standard sanitation.
Card 230
Question
Besides extending shelf life and preventing microbial growth, what is another benefit of reducing the water activity of a food?
Answer
A lower water content means a lower product volume, making the product easier and cheaper to transport
Card 231
Question
What is a facultative anaerobe?
Answer
A microbe that can grow with or without oxygen.
Card 232
Question
What is a psychrotroph?
Answer
A microorganism that grows at 7 degrees Celsius or below (in the refrigerator).
Card 233
Question
Trichinosis is caused by Trichinella spiralis; what type of organism is this?
Answer
A nematode
Card 234
Question
What is a bacteriophage composed of?
Answer
A nucleic acid molecule surrounded by a protein structure.
Card 235
Question
At what pH can a food be called an acid food?
Answer
A pH of at or less than 4.6
Card 236
Question
What is a mycelium?
Answer
A single mass of hyphae
Card 237
Question
In dairy cows, what happens to alfatoxin B1 ingested with feed?
Answer
A small percentage is metabolized and excreted in milk as Aflatoxin M1.
Card 238
Question
What is domoic acid?
Answer
A toxin found in limited quantities of anchovies and razor clams that causes illness in humans.
Card 239
Question
What is a bacteriophage?
Answer
A virus that infects bacteria.
Card 240
Question
Difference between eukaryotic and prokaryotic?
Answer
Absence of a nuclear membrane and membrane-bound organelles in prokaryotes
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