Internal Credit

What is characteristic for the W-P-W syndrome at ecg?

ECG delta wave ( + short PR interval + wide QRS complex)

Are we able to recognise ischemic changes at the ecg in a patient with cardiac pacing?

No

Describe the AV blockade of 1st degree at the ecg.

PR interval > 200 ms

Which arrhytmia is the most frequent in old people?

Atrial fibrillation

Describe RBBB at the ecg.

An rsr', rsR', or rSR' complex (forming a characteristic “rabbit ears” or M shape) in leads V1, V2. Tall secondary R wave in lead V1. Wide, slurred S wave in leads I, V5, V6

How do we call the combination of RBBB+LAH at the ecg and how we recognize it?

Bifascicular block. Left axis deviation. qR pattern in lead aVL

Describe the Ebstein´s anomaly.

malformed tricuspid valve leaflets that are displaced into the right ventricle with subsequent tricuspid valve regurgitation and right heart enlargement (known as RV “atrialization”)

List 4 parts of Fallot´s tetralogy.

Right ventricular outflow tract obstruction (RVOTO) due to pulmonary infundibular stenosis. Right ventricular hypertrophy (RVH). Ventricular septal defect (VSD). Overriding aorta (above the VSD)

List 2 most frequent indications for heart transplant.

Cardiomyopathy and CHD

List 3 most frequent complications after heart transplant.

Post-transplant infection. Graft rejection. Pulmonary hypertension

Could be fresh LBBB an expression of acute myocard infarction?

Yes

Which examination is indicated to confirm the diagnose of vaso-vagal syncope?

Tilt table test

What is the normal value of QRS at the ecg?

<0.1 s

List signs of right ventricle overload at the ecg.

Right axis deviation. Dominant R wave in lead V1 (R wave > 0.6 mV or R/S > 1)

What medication contains dual antiplatelet therapy?

Aspirin and ADP receptor inhibitors ( ex. Clopidogrel )

When we use dual antiplatelet therapy?

To reduce risk of thrombosis after arterial stenting ( ex. PCI ) and for secondary prevention of stroke

Can we use aspirin treatment in patients with deep venous thrombosis?

Treatment for deep vein thrombosis is 1. Low molecular weight heparin (enoxaparin) 2. Factor Xa inhibitor (fondaparinux) 3. Unfractionated heparin (bolus plus infusion, in patients with renal failure)

Which new treatment can we use in patients with familiar hypercholesterolemia?

Combination of statins, bile acid sequestrants, cholesterol absorption inhibitors, PCSK9- inhibitors 

Which diabetic treatment could we use in patient with the heart failure?

SGLT-2 inhibitors gliflozines?

STEMI of the lateral wall - describe the ecg finding.

Pardee waves in leads I, aVL, V5, V6