Fruit and vegetable products

Coconut, Almond, Walnut, Hazelnut, Pecan, and Peanut. Please list the top state producer of each nut

Coconut: Florida, Almond and walnut: California, Hazelnut: Oregon, Pecan and Peanut: Georgia

Name three postharvest methods used to preserve perishable produce.

Cold storage (lowers enzyme activities) Controlled atmosphere storage (high CO2 or nitrogen to slow down catabolic processes, ripening, and aging) microatmosphere individual packaging or coating (reduces transpiration and ripening)

Name the 5 steps of mushroom farming.

Composting, spawning, casing, pinning, cropping

What are four parameters that affect the efficiency of a lye peeling operation?

Concentration of lye, time used, temperature of the solution, lye and peel removal systems

Name three pumpkin cultivars.

Connecticut Field, Howden, Jack O' Lantern, Baby Boo, Jack Be Little, Small Sugar, Triple Treat

Name three types of cooling procedures for fruits and vegetables.

Convection (blast cooling), Hydrocooling (ice bath), Low Pressure (evaporative or vacuum cooling)

Which are the 'three sister plants' of Indigenous American agriculture?

Corn, bean, squash

Name three of the twelve or so ingredients used to make curry powder.

Cumin, turmeric, coriander, ginger, pepper, fennel, chili, mace, cloves, mustard, and others

What are the 5 primary anthocyanidins found in Vitis vinifera grapes?

Cyaniding, malvidin, delphinidin, petunidin, peonidin

Name three beet cultivars.

Cylindra, Detroit Dark Red, Pacemaker II

Explain enzymatic browning in fruits and two common prevention strategies.

Enzymatic browning is caused by polyphenol oxidase oxidizing phenolics to quinones. Prevention strategies include acidification (lowering pH), blanching, oxygen exclusion, and antioxidant use.

Name three lettuce cultivars.

Esmeralda, Bibb, Buttercrunch, Black Seeded Simpson, Green Ice, Red Raisa, Red Sails,

Give the plant source for any one of the following enzymes: ficin, papain, and bromelin

Ficin: fig tree sap Papain: papaya Bromelin: pineapple

Name four citrus-producing states.

Florida, Texas, California, Arizona.

Define climacteric fruits and name 5 of these fruits.

Fruit ripening associated with ethylene production and cell respiration rise: Apples, Bananas, Melons, Apricots, Tomatoes, Blackberries, Kiwi, Peaches, Pears, Breadfruit, Jackfruit, Pawpaw, Papayas, Figs, Plantains, Passion fruit, Guavas, plum, avocado

Name the predominant organic acids in the following products. Grape Fruit, grapes, oranges, apples, vinegar, tomatoes, spinach, cranberries, blackberries, cherries,

Grapefruit: citric acid, Grape: tartaric acid, Orange: citric acid, Vinegar: acetic acid, Apple: malic acid, tomatoes: citric acid, spinach: oxalic acid, Cranberries: quinic acid, Blackberries: citric/malic acid, Cherries: malic acid

What are the six stages of tomato ripening?

Green, Breakers, Turning, pink, light red, red

Name three papaya cultivars.

Hawaiian Solo, Blue Solo

What are the 3 common names for Corylus Avellana?

Hazelnut, cobnut and filbert nut

Name three honeydew cultivars.

Honey Girl, Honey Star, Sweet Delight, TAM Dew