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Marmite is made from what?
Brewer's yeast
What is staggered fermentation?
Separate fermentation from the same fermenter at the same time
Name the five ingredients used in Long island iced tea.
vodka, rum, gin, tequila, triple sec
The official distilled spirit of the US is what?
Bourbon or bourbon whiskey
Name three countries from the top 5 producers of tea.
China, India, Kenya, Sri Lanka, Vietnam/Turkey
Define Ale.
Ale is a type of beer that is brewed using top-fermenting yeast at warmer temperatures (typically between 60-72°F or 15-22°C), resulting in a fruity, robust flavor.
What was originally used in beer for its antimicrobial properties?
Hops
Where was the "Pina Colada" invented?
San Juan, Puerto Rico
Guinness stout beer is a product of this country: England, Scotland, Wales, Ireland
Ireland
What type of tea is wilted, bruised and partially oxidized?
Oolong Tea
The uncurling of tea leaves when hot water is poured on is called?
The agony of leaves
What is the difference between bottled beer and draft beer?
Draft is unpasteurized and hence has a shorter shelf life
What is the pH range of wine?
3-4
A brandy is 90 proof, so what is its percent of alcohol?
45% alcohol
Which yeast species is most commonly used in beer and wine fermentation?
Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
What preservative is added to wine?
Sulfur dioxide SO2
What are the crystals that can form on the inside of a cork of a wine bottle?
Known as wine diamonds, tartrate crystals
What is the pH range of beer? a. 2-3 b. 3-5 c. 5-6 d. 6-7
b. 3-5
What is the primary sugar in grapes that ferments into wine?
Glucose and fructose
What does SCOBY stand for and what is it used in the production of?
Symbiotic Culture Of Bacteria & Yeast (used for kombucha production)
How many calories does a regular 12 oz beer have?
~ 150 kcal
This particular wine is known as toddi/tadi in India, Malafu in Africa, Tuba in Mexico, and Tuak in Indonesia. Name the wine or what it is made from.
Palm wine (wine made from any palm trees such as coconut palm)
Why are PVPP, gelatin added to beverages?
Clarification
Wine is often classified according to the year the crop was harvested. What is the term for this?
Vintage
To be classified as Champagne a sparkling wine must have 90psi or 6 atm of pressure. What is the concentration of sugar added, known as the liqueur de triage, to achieve this pressure during the 2nd fermentation?
24 g/L
What is the term 'must' wrt wine production?
The mash of freshly pressed grapes and their juice
What is the German beer style that is brewed with coriander and sea salt?
Gose
Which organism is responsible for primary fermentation in wine?
Fermentation done by yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae)
How many millions of bubbles are in a champagne bottle?
49 million bubbles (if they are remotely close give it to them!)
What are the common adjuncts added to beer?
Oats, Wheat, Corn, Rice, fruits, honey, spices.
In brewing, what is the name of the step when the malt is dried and what reaction causes unintended consequences?
Kilning; Maillard Reaction
Rank the following beers from lightest color to darkest color as described by the European Brewery Convention or EBC. Dunkel, Porter, Pilsener, India Pale Ale, Stout and Saison
Pilsener, Saison, India Pale Ale, Dunkel, Porter, Stout
List 5 of the original ingredients found in Coca Cola.
What type of enzyme is added during brewing to break down starch into fermentable sugars, particularly maltose?
Amylase
Why is beer frequently used for deep fried foods?
The protein in beer helps with browning; the carbonation helps to create a light, crispy batter; the alcohol content also evaporates quickly, which contributes to the crispness and texture.
What is the cause of the dark flavor of Stout?
Dark roasted malt or barley in hops
What is the name of a sweet, dark liquor made from blackcurrants?
Cassis or crème de cassis
Mead is made by fermenting honey.
True
"True tea" originates from Camellia sinensis. Name the five types of tea.
Black, White, Green, Oolong and Pu-erh
Give 4 examples of cereal adjuncts used in beer making.
What flavor compound is responsible for the flavor of the Italian liquor Amarreto?
Benzaldehyde
what is the maximum amount of sulfites legally permitted by FDA in wines?
350 ppm (usually 50-150 ppm in wines)
Name the favorite drink of the fictional secret agent James Bond and how he likes it served.
Dry Martini, shaken not stirred (vodka martini and dirty martini acceptable)
What is the food colorant added to curacao to make blue curacao?
Brilliant Blue FCF (Blue #1)
There are 2 main differences between scotch and whiskey. What are they?
Geography: Scotch is made in Scotland, and whiskey can be made anywhere.
Substrate: Scotch is made from malted barley and bourbon from distilled corn.
What is the minimum proof of rum?
80
What is the meaning of Mai Tai in Tahitian language?
Maita’i roa ae; Out of this world
In beer making, during the boiling process, roughly 25-35% of the alpha acids in the bitter hops are converted to what compound?
Iso-alpha acids
What additional ingredients in addition to Bergamot Orange does a Lady Grey have compared to Earl Grey?
Orange and Lemon Peels
The Mexican liquor Kahlua is primarily flavored with what?
Coffee
Name the genus and species of bottom fermentation in lager beer.
Saccharomyces pastorianus
The amount of alcohol in beers sold or created and sold in the United States is measured by using what method?
ABV- alcohol by volume
In beer making when does dry hopping occur?
After fermentation
Give the genus and species of the microorganism used in the fermentation of tequila.
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Name the genus and species of the organism predominantly responsible for malolactic fermentation in wine.
Oenococcus oeni
What is the main difference between a lager yeast and ale yeast? State the scientific names and optimum temperatures for both.
Ale - top fermenting and ferments at warmer temp; Lager - bottom fermenting and ferments at cooler temps. Ale: 16-25 C, Lager: 7-13 C. Ale: Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Lager: Saccharomyces pastorianus
Mead is an alcoholic beverage made with what?
Honey
The process in which sugar is added to adjust grape juice before alcoholic fermentation is called?
Chaptalization
The amount of effervescence in a sparkling wine is dependent on the amount of what compound?
CO2
What are pink-hued wines, sometimes called white zinfandel in the US, commonly known as?
Rosé
In the brewing industry, what is 'pitching'?
Addition of yeast to the cooled wort
What are the ingredients of butter tea?
Tea, yak butter (or regular butter), water, and salt.
Name three major hop-growing countries.
Germany, U.S., Czech Republic
Name Japan's most prominent tea cultivar.
Yabukita
A mint julep is an alcoholic drink consisting of sugar, water, mint, and what alcoholic spirit?
Bourbon Whiskey
The part of the beer making process that involves heating malt and water to 60 C to facilitate enzymatic reactions is called what?
Mashing
Used frequently in mixology, what is oleo saccharum and its main ingredients?
Oleo-saccharum is Latin for 'oil-sugar' and is the name given to the syrup made by using sugar's hygroscopic property to extract the fragrant natural oils in citrus fruit peels – most commonly lemons.
The original root used in root beer is no longer used as it is toxic. What is the name of this root?
Sassafras (compound that is toxic is safrole)
What is the method champenoise?
The carbonation of wine by secondary fermentation in the bottle.
Name 4 scales used to measure specific gravity in beverages.
Plato, Baume, Balling, Specific gravity, and Brix.
Stale beer frequently contains elevated levels of what compound?
Trans-2-nonenal (aka T2N)
What are the wooden boards added to wine to impart flavor called?
Oak staves
What beer has the slogan 'For the love of beer'?
Sam Adams
What grain is used as the substrate in the production of sake?
Rice
Where does the wine Vin Jaune originate?
Jura region of France
In beer making what is the liquid fraction of the mash called?
Wort
What is the percentage acid, by weight, in a typical cola?
0.05-0.1%
What type of tea contains muscatel tones?
Darjeeling
If desired alcohol content of wine is to be 10% what percent sugar should you start with?
20-24% or 20 degree Brix
Tannins produce the dry feeling in your mouth after taking a sip of which of the following? Rum, beer, whiskey, red wine
Red wine
Which 4 countries comprise the 'Old World' region of wine production?
FIGS= France, Italy, Germany, Spain
Define chapatalization.
Adding sugar (often in the form of cane sugar or grape concentrate) to must (crushed grape juice) before fermentation to increase the alcohol content of the wine
How are fortified wines made?
Addition of brandy or other distilled spirits to regular wine
Describe the six steps of brewing/beer making process.
Malting: Barley is soaked, germinated, and dried to create malted barley, which contains enzymes that convert starches into fermentable sugars.
Mashing: The malted barley is mixed with hot water in a mash tun to extract the sugars and create "wort" (the sugary liquid).
Boiling: The wort is boiled, and hops are added to provide bitterness, flavor, and aroma.
Fermentation: The cooled wort is transferred to a fermentation vessel, and yeast is added to ferment the sugars into alcohol and carbon dioxide.
Conditioning: The beer is left to mature, allowing flavors to develop and carbonation to settle.
Packaging: After conditioning, the beer is filtered, carbonated, and packaged for distribution.
What is Secondary/malolactic fermentation in wine production?
Malolactic fermentation is a process where lactic acid bacteria (Oenococcus Oeni) convert malic acid (which is tart and acidic) into lactic acid (which is softer and smoother), reducing the wine's overall acidity and giving it a rounder, more mellow taste.
A wine lacking in sweetness is referred to as what?
Dry
The largest beer manufacturing company in the world is ___.
Anheuser-Busch InBev, Leuven, Belgium
Who invented Coca Cola?
John Stith Pemberton
What plant contributes bitter flavor and pleasant aroma to beer?
Hops
Name what the following is made from: Cachaça, vodka, rum, mezcal, baijiu, tequila, sake, bourbon, mead, gin
The sweetness of sparkling wines such as Champagne. Sec: medium sweet, Demi-sec: slightly sweet, Brut: dry or not sweet. 90% of champagne wines are categorized as Brut.
What spirit is traditionally made from agave?
Tequila.
Which wine is deliberately oxidized?
Sherry (specifically styles like Oloroso and Amontillado)
Light beer is made by using a new low protein variety called Soft Spring Kansas Wheat
False
What are 2 bitter compounds in coffee?
Caffeine and chlorogenic acids
Beers that are made out of grains other than barley, oats, rye, or wheat are known as what type of beer?
Gluten-free beer
Which extra component makes a martini a dirty martini?
Olive brine
What is the role of tannins in wine?
Chemical substance that imparts bitterness or astringency to a wine, these also act as antioxidants in wine to prevent acetic acid production
What is the German technique in beer making to carbonate the beer using actively fermenting wort, without using sugars or other adjuncts?
Krausening
What is the capacity of a US beer barrel?
31 gallons/ 117.3 L
What compound provides the bitter taste in coffee?
Caffeine
What is performed prior to grinding in the production of coffee?
Roasting
Discuss beer production: List the four main ingredients of beer. Explain the role of yeast during fermentation. Name two compounds responsible for bitterness and aroma in hops.
Four main ingredients of beer: Water, Malted barley (or other grains), Hops, Yeast
Role of yeast: Yeast (typically Saccharomyces cerevisiae or S. pastorianus) ferments fermentable sugars into ethanol and carbon dioxide. Also produces flavor compounds such as esters, higher alcohols, and organic acids.
Compounds responsible for bitterness and aroma in hops: Alpha acids (e.g., humulone) → bitterness, Essential oils (e.g., myrcene, humulene) → aroma
What is the major fermentable sugar in brewer’s wort?
Maltose
What term in viticulture encompasses geographical factors such as soil, climate and topography?
Terroir
Which compound formed during wine fermentation contributes buttery aromas and is later reduced during malolactic fermentation?
Diacetyl.
What is amelioration as used in winemaking?
Addition of water into must to decrease the concentration of sugar, acid and other wine components
What root is often used as a caffeine-free coffee substitute or adjunct due to its resemblance in color and aroma to coffee?
Chicory
Russia did not classify beer as an alcoholic product till what year? 1981, 1991, 2001, 2011
2011
Where did Kvass originate?
Russia
Tea comes from which of the following plants?
Camellia sinensis
What is the name of the cocktail made of cognac, orange liqueur, and lemon juice that was invented around the end of World War I and is named for a motorcycle attachment?
Sidecar
What is the usual alcohol % in wine?
10-14% in most California wines. Above 14% results in a heavy tax imposed on the manufacturer
What tea variant is known for its hint of pine, dried plum, and floweriness?
Keemun
In the brewing industry what physio chemical process is saccharification referred to?
Refers to the enzymatic hydrolysis of malt starches into simple sugars, that can be part of yeast fermentation.
Early colonial New England’s largest and most profitable industry was distilling what product?
Rum
Which is the only US state that produces coffee?
Hawaii
What is the main difference between lager and ale beer fermentation?
Lager uses bottom fermentation at low temperatures; ale uses top fermentation at higher temperatures.
Does root beer have alcoholic content?
Some do, some don't. It comes in two forms: alcoholic and soft drink.
What is added to wine when the acidity is off?
Tartaric acid
Reserva Cava is a sparkling wine. What is the age difference between Reserve Cava compared to NV Champagne?
15 months on lees, the same as NV champagne
Where was Pina colada invented?
San Juan, Puerto Rico, 1950s
What is the country of origin for Kolsch, a type of beer?
Cologne, Germany
In whiskey making, wetting the barley grains to stimulate germination is called:
Malting
What is the processing difference between green tea and black tea?
In green tea, leaves are steam-treated before drying to inactivate enzymes and avoid color change from green to black; In black tea, manufacturing enzymes are not inactivated, but fermentation occurs which changes color from green to black prior to drying
Who regulates alcohol in US?
TTB (Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau)
What country is the world's largest cultivator of coffee?
Brazil
What are the four main ingredients in making beer?
Water, yeast, malted barley, and hops
What is the term for the science and art of growing grapes for wine?
Viticulture
Please list the following from least alcohol to highest alcohol by percentage. Cider, vodka, beer, port, Shochu
Beer, cider (cider or beer may be swapped), port, Shochu, vodka
List two unacceptable flavor compounds in beer, and what flavor do they impart?
Diacetyl - butter or butterscotch; dimethyl sulfide - cooked vegetable, corn, black currant; Ethyl nicotinate - medicinal; Acetaldehyde - green apples; short chain fatty acids - cheese, goat, body odor and wet dog; alcohols other than ethanol - coconut or solvent character
What is the name of green tea that is then allowed to ferment and compost?
Post-Fermented Tea
Which component of wine is glycosylated/polymerized during aging?
Tannins
What is the primary ingredient in the sweet liquer maraschino?
Marasca cherry
What type of tea is unwilted and unoxidized, but allowed to oxidize to yellow?
Yellow Tea
In wine making, what is the process in which the tannins, coloring agents, and flavor compounds are leached from grape skins/stems into the must?
Maceration
The Reinheitsgebot law from 1516 AD in Germany identified what?
Three ingredients that can be used to brew beer: barley, water and hops
Which two countries are the leading producers and exporters of tea?
India, China
How is CO2 produced in traditional champagne manufacture?
Additional sugar (24g/L) and yeast are added prior to bottling, whereafter yeast participate in a 2nd fermentation to produce CO2
In red wine, what sensory property is correlated with tannin concentration?
Astringency
Describe the beer fermentation process.
The act of using yeast and simple sugars to produce ethyl alcohol and CO2
Which of the following is an unaged spirit made from grain and potatoes: A.vodka, B.champagne, C.gin, or D.whiskey?
A. Vodka
What is the difference between regular beer and light beer?
Light beer averages 33% less calories than regular beer
Name 3 popular grapevine species used as wine grape rootstock.
Vitis vinifera, Vitis riparia, Vitis rupestris
What is the primary acid that gives wine its tartness and is responsible for many of its preservation properties?
Tartaric acid
Which company who was granted a US patent in 1989 created a device known as a 'widget' to aid in the formation of a nitrogen foam head in canned beverages?
Guinness brewery
Vodka is made by first fermenting a food. Name 4 foods that are typically fermented to make vodka.
Corn, rice, rye, wheat, potatoes
What is Free-run juice wrt wine production?
The juice separated from the seeds, stems, and skins following the initial crush without pressing
Which organic acid is primarily responsible for sourness in wine?
Tartaric acid.
What component of carbonated beverages is responsible for the "sparkle" and "zest" (or the bubbles)?
Carbon dioxide gas
In beer making, what does IBU stand for and what does it indicate?
International Bitterness Units; measures the concentration of hop compounds in beer, specifically concentration of isohumulone, an acid found in hops that gives beer its bitter taste
Which tea is blanched and partially fermented prior to drying to maintain the activity of the polyphenols and prevents oxidation of the polyphenols?
Oolong Tea
What does VVSOP mean on a Cognac bottle?
Very very superior old pale
What is Bâtonnage wrt wine making?
Bâtonnage is a winemaking technique, meaning "stirring" in French, where winemakers gently stir settled lees (dead yeast cells and other solids) back into the wine to enhance flavor, aroma, and texture, and prevent undesirable flavors.
How is a café latte made?
Espresso shot in glass, add steamed milk then a layer of foamed milk
What are English hops? Name two of them.
English hops refer to hop varieties traditionally grown in England, such as Fuggle, East Kent Goldings, and Challenger. These hops are often used for their earthy, floral, and herbal flavors and aromas.
How many calories does a 12 oz light beer have?
~ 100 kcal
What is the primary carbohydrate source in sake fermentation?
Rice starch.
Botrytis cinerea is a mold found on grapes, aka noble rot. What 2 wine styles require botrytis during growing or processing?
Sauternes and Tokaji
What is the name of the robotic tool for assessing beer sensory attributes?
RoboBEER
Traditionally what day is the wine Beaujolais nouveau available for sale?
3rd Thursday of November each year.
Name the French liqueur made from elderflowers.
Saint Germain
Amontillado sherry originates from what country?
Jerez, Spain
Rooibos leaves are used to make what type of tea?
Red tea
How are alcoholic and soft drink root beer made differently?
Soft drink root beer uses extracts or flavored syrups in carbonated water. Alcoholic root beer is bottle-fermented with yeast.
One of the main characters from the popular sitcom 'Sex and the City', Carrie Bradshaw, always orders this drink on her frequent nightclub visits with girlfriends. Name the drink and its four components.
Cosmopolitan cocktail; made with vodka, triple sec, lime juice/lime, cranberry juice
What is 'ice wine'?
Wine produced from grapes naturally frozen on the vine
Jagermeister is a German digestif made with 56 herbs and spices. Please list 5 of the known (some are kept a trade secret) herbs or spices in this spirit.
Citrus peel, licorice, star anise, poppy seeds, saffron, ginger, juniper berries, ginseng, cinnamon (bark), chamomile flowers, lavender, rose hips, red sandalwood, blueberries
What is the name of the cocktail that contains white rum, mint, soda water, lime juice and sugar?
Mojito
What is the main flavor of Earl Grey Tea?
Bergamot orange
What is the term for inverting a bottle of champagne to move sediment from the bottle to the neck?
Riddling
What enzyme is responsible for making methanol in wine production?
Pectin methyl esterase, pectinase
What type of tea is wilted, crushed, and fully oxidized?
Black Tea
With respect to brewery, what is wort?
Wort is the liquid extracted from malted barley after mashing. It contains sugars that will be fermented by yeast to produce alcohol.
Which cereal grain is the primary ingredient in whiskey?
Barley (often mixed with other grains)
From which country does Reisling originate?
Germany
What are the highest ethanol concentrations yeast can withstand during fermentation?
12-15% ethanol by volume
Hops, used in the brewing of beer comes from which part of the Humulus lupulus plant?
Flower or blossom or cones
What tea variant is known for its subtle sweet and unique fragrance?
Jasmine/Oolong
What fermentation product gives beer and carbonated beverages their characteristic fizz?
Carbon Dioxide
What microorganism is primarily responsible for converting sugars into alcohol during fermentation?
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (yeast).
What is the main difference in the manufacturing steps between red and white wine production?
Red wine is fermented w/ the grape skins on
What is Krausening (used in beer production)?
Krausening is a German technique where fresh wort (unfermented beer) (called "kräusen") is added to beer during secondary fermentation, often to naturally carbonate the beer and improve its flavor and clarity.
What barrels are used to age bourbon?
Aged in new, charred oak barrels
What is the rate limiting step in a beer fermentation?
Beer fermentation must continue until yeast uptake the diacetyl they excreted during fermentation. Diacetyl must be lowered to between 0.1 and 0.01 mg/L
What is black strap rum?
Rum to which black strap molasses is added
What term describes the opposite of a sparkling wine?
Still wine
Which secondary fermentation process reduces acidity and stabilizes wine?
Malolactic fermentation.
What makes red wine red?
Anthocyanins (from grapes)
Ceylon is a tea variety from which country?
Sri Lanka
California produces more wine than Italy.
False
In the production of tea, which type undergoes the highest degree of oxidation: Green, Oolong, or Black tea?
Black tea
An expert in wine is called a sommelier. What is an expert in beer called?
Cicerone
Which mold found on wine grapes is known as noble rot?
Botrytis cinerea
On St Patricks day, which food is used to color beer green?
Blue/green food coloring
One ton of grapes create how many cases of wine?
60
Mezcal is a type of which popular alcoholic beverage?
Tequila, made from the agave plant, often with a smoky flavor
What is malt?
Barley or another cereal grain that has been germinated (sprouted), dried, and often roasted
What is the main spirit found in each of the following cocktails? Pina colada, daiquiri, John Collins, flying grasshopper, margarita, martini, bloody mary, bloody maria, manhatten, mint julep, sidecar
What is the process in beer manufacturing where the starches in grains are broken down into fermentable sugars?
Mashing
What is the technique in wine making called wherein the lees is stirred back into the wine to enhance sensory attributes?
Bâtonnage
What is the alcohol level in alcoholic root beer?
5-6%
In beer making, what is the common name for germinated barley?
Malt
In the German brewing process, what constituents are mixed to create the mash?
Malted grain and water
Name 4 of the 8 names for dark roasted coffee.
Espresso, French Roast, Italian Roast, Vienna Roast, Spanish Roast, Turbo Roast, New Orleans Roast, Excessively Dark Roast, Continental Roast, Cafe de Olla, Charcoal roast
What root is the typical flavor of root beer derived from?
Sassafras tree roots
What is the name of the sweet syrup added to sparkling wines for secondary fermentation?
Tirage or Liquer de tirage
Which type of south american tea is traditionally served in a gourd?
Yerba mate
Name 4 distilled beverages and the product that is distilled to make them.
The material that settles at the bottom of the fermentation tank/barrel
What compound is primarily responsible for bitterness in beer?
Iso-alpha acids.
What compound is responsible for canned corn or vegetable soup off aroma in beer?
Dimethyl sulfide (DMS)
Name four varieties of noble hops.
Noble hops are classic European varieties that are responsible for the signature flavors of pilsner and other Continental lagers. The four noble varieties are: Hallertauer Mittelfrüh, Tettnang, Spalt, Saaz
Why were hops originally used in beer?
They are a natural preservative
What is the standardized method of brewing tea?
ISO 3103
During beer production, what is the name of the process where starches in the malt are converted into fermentable sugars by amylase enzymes?
Mashing
What are the 3 ingredients used to make Grand Marnier liquor?
Cognac brandy, essence of bitter orange and sugar
What popular drink did a Dutch medical professor produce in his laboratory while trying to come up with a blood cleanser that could be sold in drugstores?
Gin
What is triple sec?
Orange-flavored liqueur, originated in France, 20-40%
What is the unfermented beer called?
Wort
What is the chief difference between the grape must that is used in dessert wine fermentation vs. normal wine fermentation?
Dessert wine uses grapes w/a higher sugar content
What fortified wine originated in Jerez de las Frontera in Spain?
Sherry
What is the most popular tea variety in China?
Dragon Well (Longjing) and Biluochun
What is the scientific name for European wine grapes and American wine grapes and provide 2 specific wine grapes for each.
What are adjuncts used in breweries? What is their purpose?
Adjuncts are ingredients other than malted barley that are used in brewing to add flavor, color, or texture; and also additional starch. Common adjuncts include corn, rice, oats, wheat, rye, fruits, spices, herbs, and honey.
Kirsch is a brandy made of which fruit?
Cherries
At what stage of coffee processing does caffeine extraction take place?
Green bean stage
Putting pressure on top of coffee to make the first espresso (strong in taste but weak in caffeine) began where?
Italy
Which young french wine is released annually on the 3rd Thursday in Nov?
Beaujolais nouveau
With regard to wines, what does the abbreviation AOC mean?
AOC – Appellation d’Origine Contrôlée
The French certification for a wine’s place of origin. It also refers to the complex rules regarding viticulture and vinification that vary from place to place.
What yeast species is most commonly used in alcoholic fermentation?
Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
Which alcoholic beverage is distilled from fermented molasses or sugarcane juice?
Rum.
What is the most popular tea variety in Japan?
Sencha
Are coffee beans decaffeinated before or after roasting and why?
Before, to prevent loss of flavor
Name the fruit used to flavor gin.
Juniper berries
What is the name of the yeast considered spoilage in beers unless in lambic beer?
A. Saccharomyces Cerevisiae
B. Saccharomyces Carlsbergenus
C. Brettanomyces
D. Candida albicans
C. Brettanomyces
Alcohol which is 150 proof contains how much alcohol by volume?
0.75
Which microorganism is responsible for malolactic fermentation in wine?
Oenococcus oeni
Which soft drink was the first to be offered in a 2 Liter bottle?
Pepsi (1970)
T2N is a compound often found in stale beers. What does it stand for?
Trans-2-nonenal
What is a "terroir" in the winemaking industry?
Terroir refers to the combination of factors such as the soil, climate, topography, and traditional practices that influence the characteristics of a wine, giving it a unique identity based on the vineyard's location.
What is the cause of the haze in beer?
The haze in beer is often caused by the interaction between proteins (from the malt) and polyphenols (from hops), especially when the beer hasn't been properly filtered or conditioned.
What is the process of pouring wine back and forth between two vessels to increase oxygen contact and improve flavor?
Decanting (or Aerating)
Concerning cognac, what does VSOP stand for?
Very superior old pale
What do we mean by 'dry' wine?
Little to no residual sugar
What are the three requirements for being called a 'Scotch whiskey'?
Must be produced and aged in Scotland, must be aged for three years in oak barrels, must be made with barley
Define a fortified wine and give an example.
When distilled alcohol is added to wine to increase the alcohol content; port, sherry, madeira, marsala, Commandaria wine and vermouth.
What is the name of the Indian beverage made from tea leaves, often added with spices, milk, and sugar?
Chai
What are the compounds in hops that provide the bitter component and that affect the taste of beer the most?
Alpha acids such as humulones
Which of the following is a tall cocktail glass that holds up to 12 oz of liquid? A. Old fashioned B. Highroller C. Snifter D. Highball
D. Highball
What is distilled wine known as?
Brandy
What is the major ingredient in carbonated soft drinks?
Carbonated water
Which compound contributes to haze formation in beer?
Proteins and polyphenols.
What is enology?
The study of wine and winemaking
What class of compounds causes bitterness and astringency in red wines?
Tannins
What type of tea is wilted, but unoxidized?
White tea
Which popular soda beverage was originally created as a chaser/mixer for whiskey?
Mountain Dew
Describe the 3 steps used in the malting process.
Steeping: Barley grains are soaked in water to promote germination. This step is essential for starting the biochemical processes that break down starches into fermentable sugars.
Germination: The soaked barley is allowed to germinate under controlled conditions. During this stage, enzymes are activated, which break down the stored starches into simpler sugars that are later used in the fermentation process.
Kilning: After germination, the grains are dried in a kiln to stop the germination process. This step not only halts further enzyme activity but also imparts specific flavors and colors to the malted barley.
What scale is used to measure the bitterness of commercially brewed beers?
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