MemoCard lernen mit System

What does BATF stand for?

Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms

In what year was the Saccharin Act introduced which warned that the use of saccharin may be hazardous to your health?

1977

What is the maximum amount of aflatoxin allowed in food by FDA?

20 ppb, .5 ppb for milk, aflatoxin 61 is the most potent known naturally-occurring liver carcinogen

what Supreme Court Case in 1975 established the precedent for criminal liability of food company executives w/o the need of establishing intent?

US vs. John Park= the Park Principle

10 Mandatory nutrients on nutritional label.

1. Total fats 2. Trans fats 3. Sat fats 4. Total calories 5. Cholesterol 6. Sodium 7. Total carbs 8. Dietary fibers 9. Total sugars 10. Added sugars 11. Total protein 12. Iron 13. Calcium 14. Potassium 15. Vit D

More (for added nutrients)

10%+ of the RDI

Who conducts the voluntary seafood inspection program on a fee-for-service basis?

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)

How many times may a U.S. trademark registration be renewed?

Any number of times

Which agency is responsible for carrying out the Title III of the Bioterrorism Act?

FDA

The Center for Disease Control is a part of what governmental organization, which in turn is part of what governmental department?

CDC is one of 8 organizations within the Public Health Service, which, in turn, is one of about 14 organizations within the Department of Health and Human Services.

A GRAS listed ingredient in widespread use was banned by HEW Secretary Finch causing an abrupt end to the use of this compound in foods. Name the compound and the year.

Cyclamate, 1969

What year was folic acid added to the standard of identity for fortified wheat flour?

1996

What is required of the food industry under the public health security and bioterrorism preparedness and response act (aka the Bioterrorism act) of 2002?

1) Food facilities register with FDA, and 2) FDA be given advance notice on shipments of imported food.

What talk show host was sued by cattle producers because of an episode aired in April 1996 about Mad Cow Disease?

Oprah Winfrey

FDA has recently approved a Western Center for Food Safety. At which University is this center located?

University of California - Davis

Name the six items that must be present on the label of meat products?

Name, Net Weight, Ingredient Statement, Company, Storage Instructions, & Inspection Legend.

What does EPA (agency) stand for?

Environmental Protection Agency

To be called Cheddar cheese, a product must contain at least what percentage of milkfat?

50% fat in the dry matter

What is the name of FD&C Yellow No.6?

Sunset Yellow

What is the common name given to the statement which bans food additives which are shown to be carcinogenic?

Delaney Clause

Which year was FPLA enacted and what does it stand for?

1967, Fair Packaging and Labelling Act

What is the Codex Alimentarius Commission?

A group of 144 countries that develop standards for food commodities internationally

Under the US and European Union, which mycotoxin is regulated in apple juice products?

Patulin

What is the full form of R&D?

Research and Development

US department of commerce

Regulate seafood

What does AOACI stand for?

Association of Official Analytical Chemists International

What is the artificial color number for Indigotine?

FD&C Blue No.2

What is the FDA's established allowable level of lead in bottled water?

5 ppb

According to Codex Alimentarius, what is the difference between extra virgin olive oil and virgin olive oil?

According to the Codex Alimentarius, extra virgin olive oil has a free acidity of no more than 0.8% (expressed as oleic acid), while virgin olive oil has a free acidity of no more than 2.0%

Which year was FSMA enacted and what does it stand for?

Food Safety Modernization Act, 2011

Food Additives Amendment of 1958 (to the FD&C Act of 1938)

food additives must be proven safe before addition to food and must be safe at intended levels of use. Delaney Clause is attached to this amendment which prohibits the FDA from allowing anyone to use a substance that can cause cancer at any dose.

Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act (FD&C) of 1938

ensure consumers that foods are safe and wholesome, produced under sanitary conditions and packaged/labeled truthfully.

What title of the Code of Federal Regulations is entitled Agriculture?

Title 7

What does ISO stand for?

International Organization for Standardization

In which year was the Fair Packaging and Labeling Act enacted?

1967

The USDA FSIS requires that the internal muscle temperature of poultry be decreased to what temperature © or lower within 8 hours of slaughter?

40 F

What is the artificial color number for Allura Red?

FD&C Red No.40

tests for which two bacteria must be conducted under the final rule on pathogen reduction and HACCP?

generic E. coli and salmonella

What actions can FDA take against companies or individuals who market adulterated or misbranded cosmetics

FDA can pursue action through the Department of Justice in the federal court system, request a federal district court to issue a restraining order, may be subject to seizure or crimal action

What does NIST stand for?

National Institute of Standards and Technology (US Department of Commerce)

What year was the fair packaging and labeling act (FPLA) enacted and what does it require?

The Fair Packaging and Labeling Act (FPLA or Act), enacted in 1967, directs the Federal Trade Commission and the Food and Drug Administration to issue regulations requiring that all "consumer commodities" be labeled to disclose net contents, identity of commodity, and name and place of business of the product's manufacturer, packer, or distributor.

What organizations govern the regulation regarding seafood?

Mostly FDA/USDA regulates farmed catfish/US Dept of Commerce National Oceanic and Atmospheric Admin Fisheries Service manages the nation’s fishery resources in U.S. territorial waters/EPA sets standards for levels of contaminants in recreational fish

What is the primary purpose of the FDA?

Enforce the federal food, drug, and cosmetic act

What is required for a product to bear the label "organic"?

Products labeled “organic” must contain at least 95 percent organically produced ingredients (excluding water and salt). Any remaining ingredients must consist of non-agricultural substances that appear on the NOP National List of Allowed and Prohibited Substances.

What food-related act was signed into law on November 9, 1990?

The Nutrition Labeling and Education Act of 1990

What 5 pieces of information are required by the Fair Packaging and Labeling Act to be included on a package?

1. Name of food 2. Name and place of business 3. Net contents (weight) 4. Number of servings 5. Ingredient declaration.

What does somebody have to do to keep the rights to their trademark?

Use it

Give the names of the 5 non-nutritive sweeteners the FDA has designated as GRAS.

Aspartame (NutraSweet® and Equal®) Acesulfame-K (Sweet One®) Neotame Saccharin (Sweet’N Low®) Sucralose (Splenda®)

The USDA Meat Inspection Act was signed into law by this president.

Theodore Roosevelt

The first federal food law was passed in 1898. What was it?

Federal Filled Cheese Act

What U.S. governmental agency sets the standards of identity of meat products?

FSIS, USDA

What percentage of the Daily Value must a product contain for it to claim that it is a "good source" of a vitamin?

10-19% of the Daily Value

9 major allergenes that must be declared in US.

Dairy Egg Soy Wheat Peanuts Treenuts Fish Shellfish Sesame

Two-part question: What are the present and previous departments of government that the FDA operates and operated) under?

Present - Department of Health and Human Services; Previous - Department of Health, Education, and Welfare

What does CDC stand for?

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

What Congressional law provides that no food additive may be considered safe if it proves to cause cancer when ingested, at any level, by man or by animals?

The Delaney Clause

What is another term for the name of a food?

Statement of Identity

Name the number of the regulation that one must follow if you process foods by acidification.

21 CFR 114

What does WHO stand for?

World Health Organization

Does the FDA extend the provisions of the delaney clause to pesticide chemicals?

Which act, passed in the 1990s, establishes dietary supplements as a legal food category ?

The 1994 Dietary Supplement, Health and Education Act (DSHEA)

According to the FDA standard of identity, what is the minimum legal percentage of peanut ingredients in peanut butter?

90%.

When were large food processing plants (500 or more employees) required by USDA to implement HACCP?

January 1998.

In US Standrd of butter nad margarine, what is min fat content

80% for both

Which law passed on January 4, 2012 aims to ensure that the U.S. food supply is safe by shifting the focus of federal regulators from responding to comtamination to preventing it?

The Food Safety and Modernization Act

The FDA has recall power over what materials or conditions?

None; compliance is voluntary

High/excellent source of:

20%+ of the DRI/RDA

Name two concerns regulatory agencies have when considering approval of transgenic food.

1. Is the nutrient content of the food adversely affected? 2. Is the content of natural toxins increased? 3. Is there any risk from new metabolites from the rDNA? 4. Is there any risk from the DNA inserted?

Freedom of Information Act (all actions of government must be made public)

1971

When were very small food processing plants (<10 employees) required by USDA to implement HACCP?

January 2000.

What year was the Nutritional Labeling and Education Act signed?

1990

Give the significance of the following dates for U.S. food law: 1785, 1850, 1862, 1906

1785-The Massachusetts “Act Against Selling Unwholesome Provisions,” 1906- Pure Food and Drugs Act was signed by President Roosevelt 1862- President Abraham Lincoln founded the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA)

What is the food safety training and certificate program administered by the National Restaurant Association?

ServSafe

Which agency establishes pesticide tolerances in raw foods?

EPA

What does BSI stand for?

British Standards Institute

Based on the 2014 Proposed Rules for Updating the Nutrition Facts Label, which four vitamin and mineral declarations will be required on new labels?

Potassium, Vitamin D, Calcium, and Iron (Vitamins A and C will no longer be required)

What law gives the FDA the power to demand a recall of a product?

The FDA has no such power. Recalls are voluntary.

On January 24, 1996, the FDA approved the use of Olestra in place of fats and oils in prepackaged ready-to-eat savory snacks. Foods containing Olestra must bear a warning statement. Name the two key points that must be in the warning statement.

1. Olestra may cause abdominal cramping and loose stools; 2. Olestra inhibits the adsorption of some vitamins and other nutrients.

According to the NLEA, what health claim can be made regarding calcium?

calcium and osteoporosis

According to dietary guidelines in US, how much sodium should be consumed daily?

2300 mg

What percentage of juice must a beverage contain to be included in FDA Juice HACCP Regulation?

What does GRAS mean?

Generally Recognized As Safe

The regulations implementing the NLEA labeling provisions took 961 pages in federal register of what date?

1/6/1993 12:00:00 AM

In the 2022 Food Code by FDA this term means the transfer of food that is unused and returned by a consumer after being served or sold and in the possession of the consumer, to another person.

Re-service.

When is it necessary to include the ingredients of a product on the label?

when there are 2 or more ingredients and the product does not follow/have a standard of identity

Fair Packaging and Labeling Act

1966

What is the official name of the act that made sale, manufacturing, and transport of alcoholic beverages illegal in the US?

Volstead Act, 1919

Several scientific bodies have established peer groups or named qualified scientists to study and report on the controversies about food in relation to health. Name 3 outstanding groups.

1. IFT's expert panel on food safety and nutrition 2. CAST (Council on Agricultural Science and Technology) 3. AMA's council on food and nutrition

What does ROI stand for?

Return on Investment

Name 12 foods exempt from the NLEA.

Food sold by small businesses, sold in restaurants, ready to eat foods prepared on site for immediate consumption, foods with insignificant amounts of nutrients, dietary supplements, infant formula, medical foods, custom processed fish and game, foods sold in bulk not sold to consumers in that form, donated foods, meat/poultry products weighing <.5oz, meat/poultry products at retail

According to the guidelines for the 1990 Nutrition Labelling and Education Act product label, which vitamins and minerals must be listed?

Calcium, Iron, Vitamin A and Vitamin C

What is the NLEA

Nutrition Labeling and Education Act (1990)

what agency of the USDA is responsible for inspection of eggs and egg products?

Agricultural Marketing Service

What agency regulates the production, labeling, and sale of the following products: wine coolers, Emu, Turkey, Lite Beer

wine coolers= FDA; Emu= FDA; Turkey= USDA, Lite Beer= Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau (TTB)

In the 1940's, legislation was passed requiring that all grain products crossing state lines be enriched with which vitamins and minerals?

Iron, Thiamin (B1), Riboflavin (B2), and Niacin (B3)

What agency manages the UPC system?

Uniform Code Council

In addition to standards of identity, the FDCA also provides for the establishment of standards of _________ and ______________

Standard of Quality and Standard of Fill

Current version military sampling dimensions?

ASQ/ANSI QUALITY CONTROL STANDARDS Z1.4 & Z1.9

What does APHIS stand for?

Animal and Plant Inspection Service

Name three types of foods that are exempt from nutrition labeling.

Food sold by small businesses, food sold in restaurants for immediate consumption, ready-to-eat foods, foods that contain insignificant amounts of nutrients, dietary supplements (except in food form), infant formula, medical foods, custom-processed fish and game, foods shipped in bulk but not sold to consumers in that form, donated foods, meat and poultry products. in small packages (less than .5 oz.), meat and poultry products produced or packaged at retail.

What was the 1st state law against food adulteration and when and where was it enacted?

An act against selling unwholesome provisions Massachusetts 1785

The DeLaney Clause of the Food Drug and Cosmetic Act did NOT pertain to: a. preservatives, b. processing aids, c. pesticides on raw products for agricultural use, d. pesticides on food, e. color additives

c. pesticides on raw products for agricultural use

Which organization inspects meat processing?

FSIS=Food Safety and Inspection Services

According to the standard of identity, margarine must contain how much fat?

0.8

Which regulatory agency is responsible for bottled water and which agency for piped water?

FDA for bottled and EPA for piped water

What does FAO stand for?

Food and Agricultural Organization

How many times may a U.S. patent be renewed?

Patents are non-renewable

Who is the current director of the FDA?

Dr. Stephen M. Hahn was sworn in as the 24th Commissioner of Food and Drugs on December 17, 2019.

What is 'The Park Principle'?

Supreme Court Case (US vs. John Park) in 1975 that established the precedent for criminal liability of food company executives w/o the need of establishing intent

Which act requires inspection of all meat if it is moved within or between states?

wholesome meat act of 1967

The use of PVC or polyvinyl chloride containers for alcohol was banned because the monomer vinyl chloride leaked into food. This action was taken under the FDA act covering which of the following? (a) Adulteration (b) Non-intentional poisonous and deleterious substances (c) Misbranding by not having the monomer content labeled (d) The Delaney Clause (e) Improper use of colors

(b) Non-intentional poisonous and deleterious substances

Two other government agencies along with the FDA which have responsibility for ensuring the safety of imported foods are ______ and _______

USDA and U.S. Customs

On February 14, 1994 the American Technology Preeminence Act of 1991 took effect. What did this law mandate?

The net quantity of contents must be stated in both English units as well as metric units

What does WHO/FAO stand for?

World Health Organization/Food and Agriculture Organization

what uniform multi-state mandate requires the testing of milk for the presence of antibiotics?

Pasteurized Milk Ordinance

When did the Meat Inspection Act and the Pure Food and Drug Act come into US law?

1906

Classification of cheese according to FDA.

Unpast processed cheese, unpast processed cheese spread, cream

Name 4 US departments that are involved in seafood regulation.

FDA, USDA, Department of Commerce, NMFS, CDC, EPA.

what agency regulates the production, labeling, and sale of Lite Beer?

Lite Beer= Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau (TTB)

What is the artificial color number for Brilliant Blue?

FD&C Blue No.1

The direct ancestor of the 1906 Food and Drug Act was first introduced in 1892 by Senator Algernon S. Paddock, a close associate of Dr. Harvey Wiley. Which state did Senator Paddock represent?

Nebraska

In the U.S. the legal processing for low-acid foods requires:

Exposure to temps for a period equal to 12 D values for C. botulinum

What does the acronym CFR stand for?

Code of Federal Regulations

Pesticide Chemical Amendment (Miller Act)

1954

the right of states to determine their own laws for food inspections and regulations is ensured by what amendment to the US constitution?

the 10th amendment

What 5 nutrients must by law be included in enriched bread?

thiamine, niacin, riboflavin, iron, folic acid

The Food and Drug Administration categorizes recalls into three categories, Class I, Class II, and Class III. Which of these classes describes the routine recall of a product which is not likely to cause adverse health consequences?

Class III

In order to be described as lean, a serving of meat, poultry, seafood, a game meats must contain less than how many grams of fat, saturated fat, and mg of cholesterol?

< 10 g fat, < 4 g saturated fat, < 95 mg cholesterol

What does FDA stand for?

Food and Drug Administration

Standards of identity include which of the following: a) ingredients that must be used; b) ingredients that may be used; C) Ingredients that may not be used

All (a, b, c)

What is OSHA and when was it passed?

The Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970

CGMP

Current Good Manufacturing Practice

Color Additives Amendment (includes Delaney Clause)

1960

what was the 1st comprehensive legislation regarding regulation of dyes intended for use in foods?

Federal Pure Food and Drug Act of 1906

The "Standard of Identity" for mayonnaise specifies that this product contain at least WHAT percentage of vegetable oil?

0.65

What is the name of the concept of safe usage of food additives in the US?

GRAS list (Generally Recognized As Safe)

Which year was WMA act enacted? What does it stand for? What did it achieve?

The Wholesome Meat Act of 1967 (WMA) was a federal law that strengthened the United States' meat inspection system. The act was passed to address unsanitary conditions in the meat industry and to protect consumers.

The labeling of a sausage biscuit is regulated by which agency?

FDA

What does GATT stand for?

General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade

What is the Talmadge-Aiken Agreement?

Talmadge-Aiken (TA) plants are federally inspected plants that are staffed by state employees because its cheaper to pay the state to employ inspectors.

The Codex Alimentarius Commission is an internation body that sets food safety and quality standards. What two organizations are responsible for this commission?

World Trade Organization, Food and Agriculture Organization

In what year was the Bioterrorism Act passed: A.1999, B.2000, C.2001, or D.2002?

D. 2002

Codex Alimentarius

established between the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and the World Health Organization (WHO) in 1962 to develop international standards and safety practices for foods and ag products

what agency regulates the production, labeling, and sale of Emu?

Emu= FDA

Name 7 of the 14 mandatory dietary components that must appear on the nutrition facts panel as part of the Nutrition Labeling and Education Act of 1990.

Serving size or other common household unit of measure customarily used; the number of servings or other units per container; number of calories per serving; number of calories per serving derived from total fat; number of calories per serving derived from saturated fat, amount of total fat, cholesterol, sodium, total carbohydrates, complex carbohydrates, sugars, total protein, and dietary fiber per serving or other unit, and subject to conditions, vitamins minerals or other nutrients

What will a successful injunction action by the FDA do to your company?

The injuction is a civil judicial process that will stop or prevent violation of the law, by halting the flow of the product in insterstate commerce, and to correct the condition that caused the violation

The Food and Drug Administration is attempting to overcome the dictate of zero tolerance given by the Delaney clause by applying the legal principle given what latin name?

de minimus

What is the food safety management system (FSMS) developed by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO)?

ISO 22000

What 2 pieces of info must be shown on the principle display panel of a package containing > .5oz of a food product?

weight declaration and product name

In which year was the GRAS category created?

1958

Which country banned U.S. poultry imports in march of 2002?

russia

What does HACCP stand for and give its 7 principles.

HACCP: Hazard Analysis Critical Control Points; 1. conduct hazard analysis, 2. identify critical control points, 3. establish critical limits, 4. establish monitoring procedures, 5. establish corrective actions, 6. establish verification procedures, 7. establish record-keeping procedures

What is the name of FD&C Red No.3?

Erythrosine

All food colors must be certified.

False

Identify the federal government publication you would use to find the most recent changes in FDA regulations.

Federal Register

What vegetable oils are approved for use in butter?

none

In which year was NLEA enacted? What does it stand for? What did it achieve?

The Nutrition Labeling and Education Act (NLEA) of 1990 mandated standardized nutrition labeling on food products, requiring the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to develop the Nutrition Facts Label (NFL) and regulate nutrient content and health claims.

At what level is a food considered a reduced calorie food?

A 1/3 reduction in calories

Who is the current Commissioner of Foods for the FDA?

Margaret Hamburg

According to the NLEA, only 11 health claims will be allowed on food labels; name 5.

calcium and osteoporosis,folate and neural tube defects,sodium and hypertension,dietary fat and cancer,dietary sat. fat/cholesterol and coronary heart disease,soy intake and cancer,fruits and veg and cancer

In what year were the Pure Food and Drug Act and the Meat Inspection Act signed into law by President Theodore Roosevelt?

1906

Which federal agency regulated the production. manufacturing and distribution of food?

Food and Drug Administration

Give the full names of the following federal agencies that have jurisdiction over the food industry: USDA, FSIS, NMFS, EPA, FTC, OSHA, NIST, BATF.

USDA-United States Department of Agriculture; FSIS-Food Safety Inspection Service; NMFS-National Marine Fisheries Service; EPA-Environmental Protection Agency; FTC-Federal Trade Commission; OSHA-Occupational Safety & Health Administration; NIST-National Institute of Standards and Technology; BATF-Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms

How long does a patent last?

20 years from the date filed. Note: the patent holder is required to pay maintenance fees to keep his patent valid

What is required for a product to bear the label "made with organic ingredients"?

Processed products that contain at least 70 percent organic ingredients can use the phrase “made with organic ingredients” and list up to three of the organic ingredients or food groups on the principal display panel.

the PMO was developed by the FDA to provide a model of uniformity and adequacy for a certain product; what does PMO stand for?

Pasteurized Milk Ordinance

Who is the NFPA?

National Food Producers Association

Presently, all grain products crossing state lines are required to be enriched with which vitamins and minerals?

Iron, Thiamin (B1), Riboflavin (B2), Niacin (B3), and Folate.

What is the NLEA?

Nutrition Labeling and Education Act (in 1990)

Meaning of certified and exempt from certification?

Certified colorants require FDA certification per lot; exempt colorants (e.g., annatto, zinc oxide, caramel) do not.

The FDA has approved 36 food dyes, of which nine are artificial color additives used in foods and beverages, including

Blue No. 1, Blue No.2, Green No. 3, Orange B, Red No. 2, Red No. 3, Red No. 40, Yellow No. 5, and Yellow No. 6 (1,2). While the FDA has approved nine artificial food dyes for use, three food dyes are most commonly used, Red No. 40, Yellow No. 5, and Yellow No. 6

What artificial color was permanently listed in July, 1987?

FD&C Yellow number six

A food that is marketed as a modified food which does not fully meet the requirements of the standard is classified as

modified or immitaiton version of the standard food

What is the name of FD&C Yellow No.5?

Tartrazine

What is the legal citation for the good manufacturing practices regulation applied to all foods?

21 CFR 110

What act of 1999 requires timely reporting of livestock market data?

Livestock mandatory reporting

What does the legal term " defect action level "refer to?

Allowable limits for the presence of filth in foods

Minimum Protein Rating in Canada

0.2

In July 1996, USDA-FSIS made a final ruling that all meat processors must implement what?

HACCP

What are the Standards of Identity for high, medium, and low fat contents in chocolate/cocoa?

High fat (breakfast cocoa) – not less than 22% cocoa fat, Medium fat - less than 22% cocoa fat and not less than 10%, Low fat - less than 10% cocoa fat

Food Chemistry codex publisher is:

US Pharmacoepia

in the 1940's, legislation was passed requiring that all grain products crossing state lines be enriched w/which vitamins and minerals?

thiamin, niacin, riboflavin, iron, folate (folate in late 1990s)

True or False: Small packages with less than 12 square inches available for labeling may omit nutrition labeling but must provide an address or telephone number for consumers to obtain the required nutrition information

True

What does HR stand for?

Human Resources

The Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act of 1938 is a law that covers general principles. What are two major amendments?

Food Additive Amendment of 1958 and Nutrition Labeling Education Act of 1990.

According to the NLEA, what health claim can be made regarding dietary fat?

dietary fat and cancer

What is mis-branding?

If a food has been improperly labeled or filled/packaged to be misleading.

What has the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms recently required to be listed on the labels of alcoholic beverages?

A health warning

The RDAs are set by what organization?

NRC (National Research Council)

A food product would not be considered adulterated if: a) It contained a new animal drug; b) It contains FD&C Yellow #4; C. It contains carmine; D. If it is the product of an animal that did not die by slaughter

Under the Food Safety Modernization Act, "Small businesses" will have two years to meet compliance rules. What constitutes a "Small business"?

A business with fewer than 500 full-time equivalent employees but more than $1 million in sales and held-without-sale food products annually

What is the term the FDA uses to describe the maximum amount or natural or unavoidable decfects in a products?

defect action levels

Who has the prime responsibility for the safety, wholesomeness, and nutritional quality of food?

- Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS) of the USDA seeks to ensure that meat and poultry products for human consumption are safe, wholesome, and correctly marked, labeled, and packaged if they move into interstate or international commerce. FDA's Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition (CFSAN) seeks to ensure that all other foods are safe, sanitary, nutritious, wholesome, and honestly and adequately labeled

Due to congressional action, the safety of food additives must be proven by the food industry rather than the regulatory agencies. Give the name of this legislation and the year it was founded.

1958, Food Additives Amendment to the F D&C Act.

What CFR contains regulation on wine, seafood...?

Wine Part 24. Seafood Part 123, color additives Part 70, Food Labeling 101, Acidified Food 114

A product may be considered _________ if marketed under the name of a product covered by a standard of identity, if the requirements of the standard are not met.

misbranded

What food related act was signed into law by the President on November 9, 1990?

The Nutrition Labeling and Education Act of 1990

What was the poison squad?

The poison squad was started by Harvey Washington Wiley and was a result of the Pure Food and Drug Act of 1906.

Who makes food safety recommendations for the foodservice industry?

FDA

Under wbat section is food regulated in the code of federal regulations?

Section 21

Nutrition Labeling and Education Act (NLEA) of 1990

made nutrition labeling mandatory on most food products and established definitions for health and nutrient claims.

What is the name of the 1958 amendment to the "Pure Food and Drug Act" states that any substance causing cancer in human beings or animals at any level of use cannot be added to food?

Delaney Amendment

In what year and by which president what the Food Drug and Cosmetic Act enacted?

FDR in 1938

What is maximum level of nitrites allowed in finished hams?

200 ppm

Who is the USDA chief chemist who crusaded for federal efforts to regulate the food industry in the early 1900's

Dr. Harvey Wiley

According to the NLEA, what health claim can be made regarding sodium?

sodium and hypertension

The descriptor "free" has been defined by NLEA (listed above in order) with restrictions on specific nutrients. What are the restrictions of the following: calories, sodium, fat, saturated fat, cholesterol, and sugar?

< 5 cal, < 5 mg Na, <0.5 g fat, <0.5 g sat. fat, < 2 mg cholesterol, <0.5 g sugar

Which additive banned in Europe in 2020?

TiO2

What is the FSPCA and what do they do?

FSPCA-food safety preventive controls alliance; responsible for certifying all fsma training

IAFIS stands for

International Association of Food Industry Suppliers.

How does the CDC define "outbreak"?

The number of persons (2 or greater) that got ill and the illness is linked to the same cause or causative agent.

In which year was the Delaney Clause done in FDCA? What did it achieve?

The Delaney Clause, incorporated into the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FDCA) by the Food Additives Amendment of 1958, prohibits the FDA from approving any food additive found to cause cancer in humans or animals, regardless of the dose.

What does FALCPA stand for and what does it require of the food industry?

Food industry must:list major food allergens on food labels, either in the ingredient statement or as contains _________;FDA must:report back to congress on progress within 18 months; increase inspection with regard to allergen prevention; Develop a final rule within 4 years allowing the use of "gluten free" on food labels; increase inspection with regard to allergen prevention

what act, which was passed in 1990, made nutritional labeling mandatory on most food products under FDA jurisdiction?

Nutritional Labeling and Education Act (NLEA)

What two pieces of information must be shown on the principal display panel of a food package over 0.5 ounces?

Weight declaration and the name of the product

To be called Cheddar Cheese, the product must contain at least what % of milk fat?

50% by weight of the solids

Arrange the following vitamins in correct order that they are declared in the nutrition label: Vit C, niacin, A, Thiamine, E

A, C, E, B1, B3

What does AMS (in USDA) stand for?

Agricultural Marketing Service

What is a set of directions that should (must) be followed to ensure food safety when completing certain tasks such as cooking chicken, cooling a food, or sanitizing a work surface?

Standard operating procedures

The Safe Drinking Water Act of 1974 is enforced by which government agency?

EPA

What cabinet-level department is the FDA a part of?

Department of Health and Human Services (HHS)

Which of the following does not have an official regulatory definition under FDA regulations?Dietary supplement, food, functional food, all of the above

functional food

in 1986, the president of this corporation was issued a $100,000 fine and sentenced to 1 day in prison for mis-labeling adulterated apple juice for infants.

Beech Nut

What does the term 'fresh' mean when describing foods?

Not frozen, heat-processed, or preserved.

What does the FPLA require?

Use of retail packaging that are not deceptive

The usage levels of antioxidants are generally defined on the basis of the fat content of the recipient food and are limited to what % total antioxidants?

0.0002

In which year was FDCA enacted? What does it stand for? What did it achieve?

The United States Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act is a set of laws passed by the United States Congress in 1938 giving authority to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration to oversee the safety of food, drugs, medical devices, and cosmetics.

Which mycotoxin is included in a Hazard Analysis for apple juice or apple cider?

Patulin

Which federal publication would you consult for recent changes in FDA regulations?

Federal Register

In 1971, this systematic preventive approach to food safety that addresses physical, chemical and biological hazards as a means of prevention rather than a finished product inspection was introduced to the American National Conference for Food Protection?

HACCP, Hazard Analysis Critical Control Points

On a food label what words have replaced "nutrition information per serving"?

Nutrition facts

What does PTO stand for?

Patent & Trademark Office

On a food label, the heading "Nutrition Information per serving" has been replaced with what?

Nutrition Facts

Which law, passed in 1906, is known as the Pure Food Law?

Federal Food and Drug Act (of 1906)

When was the USDA created and who did Abraham Lincoln appoint as its first leader?

1862. Charles Wetherill

What does FPLA stand for?

Fair Packaging and Labeling Act

According to the FD&C Act and the FPLA, what 4 items of information are required on a food label?

name and address of manufacturer, amount of food in package, common name of the food, and the ingredients of the food

The Delaney Clause specifically prevents the use of food additives that are __________.

Carcinogenic

According to the NLEA, when must foods be nutrition labeled? (Give two ways)

When nutrition information is stated on the label or when a nutrient content claim is being made, AND if the manufacturer meets an exemption (small business, food sold in restaurant, food sold for immediate consumption, food sold for retail in the establishment where the food was processed - as in bakeries and delis, foods not sold for immediate consumption but are packaged according to the conumers' request, foods that contain insignificant amounts of nutrients, infant formula, dietary supplements, medical foods, bulk foods, raw produce, custom processed game fish or meat, food in packages with less than 12 square inches of space, food sold from bulk containers, shell eggs, foods for infants and children under 4 years of age, and multi-unit packages)

The occupational safety and health administration enforces standards on safety in the workplace through ______ and __________

inspection and penalties

What is the artificial color number for Sunset Yellow?

FD&C Yellow No.6

What year were red m&ms discontinued due to concern over red dye no.2?

1976, they were brought back in 1987

In what year was the US Poultry Products Special Act enacted?

1957

CFSAN is one of the oldest federal agenices whose primary function is consumer protection. What does "CFSAN" stand for?

Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition

What famous case heard in the Federal Supreme Court establishes that the president of a food company is responsible for any adulteration or misbranding of his or her company's food products?

U.S. vs. Park

Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act

1938

Fat is of increasing concern in our diets. Name the four required fat declarations on the Nutrition Facts label.

calories from fat, total fat, saturated fat, cholesterol

What does AAFCO stand for? a. All Animal Food Control Officials B. All Animal Food Coalition in Ontario C. American Animal Feed Control Organization D. Association of Animal Feed Control Officials

Name the CFR codes pertaining to food science.

7: Agriculture, 9: Animals and animal products, 21: Food & Drugs, 27: Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms, 50: Wild life and Fisheries

What is the established legal level for reduced cholesterol in food?

25% reduction

What are 4 responsibilities of meat inspectors?

Identify meat as: Healthy (no disease), Sound (clean, sanitary), Wholesome (not adulterated), and Properly Labeled (it is what it says it is).

What two pieces of information should appear a food package's principle display panel?

Name of the product and net quantity

Name 5 of 12 approved GMOs in the USA:

salmon, alfalfa, soybean, corn, sugar beet, apple, potato, tomatoes, squash

The definition of food given in the Food Additive ammendment has three sections. Which confectionary product comprises an entire section?

Chewing gum

Which federal agency has jurisdiction for regulating alcoholic beverages?

Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau of the U.S. Department of the Treasury.

Identify the two federal government publications you would use to find the most recent changes in FDA regulations.

Code of Federal Regulations, Federal Register

what year was the Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act pass and what president was involved?

1938, Franklin Roosevelt

Which act requires inspection of all meat moved within or between states?

Wholesome Meat Act of 1967

How long does trademark registration in the U.S. last?

20 years

When was the Nutrition Labeling and Education Act enacted?

1990

Passed by Congress in 1990, the Waxman bill will bring important changes to the food industry. What is the Waxman Bill better known as?

The Nutrition Labeling and Education Act of 1990

How many FDA regions are there in the United States?

The FDA's headquarters is located in the White Oak area of Silver Spring, Maryland. The agency has 223 field offices and 13 laboratories located across the 50 states, the United States Virgin Islands, and Puerto Rico.

The meat inspection act involves which meats?

Beef, pork and lamb

what state did Rep. James Delaney, author of the famous Delaney Clauses, come from?

New York

Who governs meat and poultry labeling?

USDA-FSIS

When was the Food Quality and Protection Act enacted and what did it do?

in 1996 and it gave the EPA control over pesticides in food

In order to be lablled USDA organic, what is the minimum percentage of product weight should be from organic ingredients?

0.95

Name the year following major laws were published: Pure food and drug act, food drug and cosmetic act, Nutrition labeling and education act, US organic food production act, food safety modernization act

PFDA: 1906 FDCA: 1938 NLEA: 1990 USOFPA: 1990 FSMA: 2011

The federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act, passed in 1938 and enforced by the FDA, provides three mandatory standards for products being shipped across state lines. What are the three?

Standards of identity, quality, and container fill

What does "HACCP" stand for?

Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points

What percentage of total milk solids is required in milk chocolate?

0.12

What are the four federal food standards?

standard for grade, standard of quality, stand and definition of identity, standard of fill of containtainers

How does the standard identity for Ruby chocolate differ from other chocolates to prevent adulteration?

Other ingredients cannot imitate the flavor of chocolate, milk, or butter, berry or another fruit. Additionally, Ruby chocolate contains no added color.

When was the "food guide pyramid" unveiled by the secretary of agriculture Edward Madigan?

4/1/1992 12:00:00 AM

What federal agency controls meat processing quality?

USDA

Given in the proper order, what are the four steps in cleaning and sanitizing food equipment?

Cleaning, rinsing, sanitizing, air drying

What organizations or agencies publish the following reference texts? A)bacteriological analytical manual; b) compendium of methods in the microbiological examination of foods; c) standard methods for the examination of dairy products

a) Food and Drug Administration (FDA), b&c) American Public Health Association (APHA)

According to CODEX Al, extra virgin olive oil difference?

Oleic acid content

The "Standard of Identity" for margarine specifies that it contain at least WHAT percentage animal or vegetable fat?

0.8

When was Poultry Products Inspection Act enacted?

1959

What does the acronym NADA stand for

new animal drug application

If a wet pet food is named 'chicken dinner', how percentage of chicken must be present in final product?

0.25

Food and Drug Act of 1906

defined and set regulations of adulterated and misbranded foods.

Q:In 1963 the FDA approval for a new processing method was given, only to be revoked in 1968. What was the product and process?

A: Bacon and Irradiation

The agency responsible for carrying out the Title III of the Bioterrorism Act is:

FDA

What is the nutritional claim made on a regular bottle of Coca-Cola?

very low sodium 35 mg or less per 240 mL (8 fl oz)

What is the FDA's definition of "safe and suitable ingredients" for use in food products?

d) Safe and suitable means that the ingredient: (1) Performs an appropriate function in the food in which it is used. (2) Is used at a level no higher than necessary to achieve its intended purpose in that food. (3) Is not a food additive or color additive as defined in section 201 (s) or (t) of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act as used in that food, or is a food additive or color additive as so defined and is used in conformity with regulations established pursuant to section 409 or 721 of the act.

What is the difference between a food law and a food regulation?

Law: Enacted by an elected governing body (Congress). Regulation: Written and enforced by an agency with appointed members. FDA regulations are also federal laws. Also regulation can be found in title 21 COF and the public typically can input before FDA issues a final regulation

what is 'honey laundering'?

honey harvested in one country that is exported to a second country, where it is relabeled as a product of the second country

According to the NLEA, what health claim can be made regarding folate?

folate and neural tube defects

By weight, what are the three most common GRAS substances in foods, besides water?

Salt, sugar, corn syrup

Which of the following food categories is NOT approved for treatment with irradiation: A. fruits, B. milk and dairy, C. animal and pet foods, or D. none of the above?

B. Milk and dairy

Which branches of the federal government are involved in regulation of the u.s. food supply?

all 3 (FDA,USDA,EPA)

What does USDA stand for?

United States Department of Agriculture

How many categories of uses does caramel fall under?

four

Which regulatory agency is responsible for bottled water and which is for pipe water?

FDA (bottled water) and EPA (pipe water)

By what federal government agency was the 1906 Food and Drug Act first administered?

USDA

Which year was the book 'The Jungle' published and by which author?

1906, Upton Sinclair

Which is not Protected cheeses by EU?: cheddar, feta, roquefortii, camamberti

Cheddar

Which act established Land grant universities in 1862?

Land-Grant College Act

The health trend hit the National School Lunch Program in May 1990, when the USDA's Food and Nutrition Service started requiring schools participating in the program to offer what food item?

Lowfat milk

What is defined as any substance or agent present in food in an amount that renders the food unacceptable or potentially harmful to consumers?

contaminant or adulterant

The Standard of Identity for mayonnaise specifies that this product contains at least what percent vegetable oil?

0.65

with what food source does the North American Mycological Association deal?

mushrooms

2 important amendments to the Pure Food and Drug act were passed in 1912 and 1930; name them.

Sherley and McNary-Mapes Amendments

What year was the food additive amendment passed by Congress?

1958

what is the official name of the act that made sale, manufacture, and transport of alcoholic beverages illegal in the United States?

Volsted Act

Q: What two pieces of information must be shown on the principle display panel of a package containing greater than .5 ounces of a food product?

A: Weight declaration and the name of the product.

In December 1991, the FDA officially withdrew the proposed federal ban on what alternative sweetener?

Saccharine

What two pieces of information must appear on a food package's principle display panel?

Name of product (statement of identify) and net quantity of contents.

What study was conducted in 1991, 1995, and 2000 to establish baselines for beef quality shortfalls and identify targets for desired quality levels?

National Beef Quality Audit

In which year did USDA made HACCP mandatory for meat and poultry operations?

The USDA mandated HACCP programs for meat and poultry operations with the "Pathogen Reduction: Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP) Systems; Final Rule" in July 1996, requiring implementation by establishments by 1997-2000.

What is the effective date for nutritional labeling of meat and poultry products?

7/6/1994 12:00:00 AM

The main agency charged with enforcing standards that limit exposure to ionizing radiation is the NRC. What do the initials N.R.C. stand for?

Nuclear Regulatory Commission

What is the date mandated by the FDA for food companies to comply with the new Nutrition Facts Label Format?

July 26 2018, additional year for companies with annual sales < $ 10 Million

Name the color additives approved by FDA and their names.

FD&C Blue No. 1: Brilliant Blue FCF FD&C Blue No. 2: Indigotine FD&C Green No. 3: Fast Green FCF FD&C Red No. 3: Erythrosine (banned in California) FD&C Red No. 40: Allura red AC FD&C Yellow No. 5: Tartazine FD&C Yellow No. 6: Sunset Yellow FCF Orange B (only in hot dog and sausage casings or surfaces) Citrus Red No. 2 (coloring the skins of oranges that are not intended for processing)

Who chaired the bill proposing the Food Additives of 1958?

James J. Delaney

Pre-market clearance for the use of pesticides is obtained from which government agency?

EPA

What 1 bacteriocin is approved for food preservation in the US and in what product may it be used?

Nisin - pasteurized process cheese spread

Which of the following do not require pre-market approval?

structure function claims

Is Bovine Growth Hormone a food additive and does it need to be labeled?

Yes to the first part, because it comes into contact with food, and no to the second part, because it has lost its functionality

A product that contains less than 140 mg of sodium per serving may be labeled as what kind of product, with regard to sodium content claim?

Low Sodium

Who administers the ServSafe exam?

The National Restaurant Association

What document is the NLEA found in?

Federal Register

Name the government organizations responsible for regulating seafood.

FDA, EPA, CDC

When was the first formalization of GMPs done?

In 1958, the Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FDCA) was amended, leading to the first formalization of Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) regulations for the pharmaceutical industry.

What fat substitute was recently confirmed as GRAS when used in frozen desserts?

Simplesse

What are BOD, COD and what are their units of measurement?

biological oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, mg/L

Give the 7 steps of HACCP

1. perform hazard analysis, 2. decide on the critical control points, 3. set critical limits, 4. establish monitoring procedures, 5. establish corrective actions, 6. establish verification procedures, 7. establish a record keeping system

What law gave FDA power to make the food industry keep records on traceability of foods?

Biosecurity Act of 2002

How has the Food Quality Protection Act changed food regulations?

The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) will change how they evaluate pesticides in setting tolerances for raw agricultural commodities. Pesticides will no longer be subject to the strict zero tolerance of the Delaney Clause.

What is the number assigned to a meat-packing or processing plant approved for state or federal inspection?

Establishment number

Q: What does the acronym "IFIS" stand for?

A: International Food Information Service

In 1963 the FDA approval for a new processing method was given, only to be revoked in 1968. What were the product and the process?

The product: irradiation-sterilized bacon (bacon is acceptable); the process: irradiation

IGTC stands for?

International global traceability center

what was the previous name of the FDA?

Food drug and insecticide administration (renamed 1931)

What does APHA stand for?

American Public Health Association

in 2000, a proposal was submitted to the FDA for review to require the addition of 2 essental fatty acids to a particular product. Name the fatty acids and the product.

Baby formula: docosahexanois acid (DHA) and arachidonic acid (AA)

Although the usage levels of antioxidants are generally defined on the basis of the fat content of the recipient food, what is the maximum antioxidant content, as a percentage of the total food weight, allowed in any food?

0.0002

What are the key differences between the FDA and the USDA?

FDA is smaller and covers safety and labeling of food, drugs, makeup and medical devices. USDA is larger and covers all aspects of food and food production.

Top graded red and white wine

Judgement of Paris

Q: Identify the federal government publication you would use to find the most recent changes in fda regulations.

A: Federal Register

What year was the Pure Food and Drug Act and Meat Inspection Act signed into law, and what president signed them?

1906, Pres. Theodore Roosevelt

A congressional moratorium was in place from 1977-91 for which alternative sweetener?

Saccharine

What type of label claim is the following statement and example of ‘pop tarts are a good source of calcium’?

nutrient content claim

In 2003, the National Conference on Interstate Milk Shipments (NCIMS) unveiled a new program which dramatically changed the way Grade A Milk Processing Facilities may be inspected and listed in the IMS list. What was this program?

Voluntary HACCP program

The Standard of Identity for margarine specifies that it contains at least what percent animal or vegetable fat?

0.8

In what year was the color additives amendment added to the Delaney Clause?

1960

What federal agency has responsibility for administrtion of the Fair Packaging and Labeling Act?

FDA

Under what title number in the Code of Federal Regulations are the FDA's regulations published?

21 CFR

What organization publishes standards for the design and manufacture of milk processing equipment?

3-A Sanitary Standards, Inc.

True or False: The FDA has decided that a substance used in a food prior to 1958 can be shown to be GRAS through experience based on its common use in food outside, as well as inside, the United States.

True

What is the Delaney Clause

1958 the Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act was amended to include coverage of food additives.

What 4 micronutrients are necessary on nutrition labels according to the 2016 FDA format?

Vitamin D, Calcium, Iron, Potassium

In the US, irradiated foods must carry a declaration 'Treated w/Radiation' or must carry a symbol on their label; what is this symbol called?

Radura, which is green in color

What do the following abbreviation stand for?APHIS, FTC, NMFS, NTIS, OSHA, EPA

APHIS-Animal, Plant Health Inspection Service FTC-Federal Trade Commission NMFS-National Marine Fisheries Service NTIS-National Technical Information EPA-Environmental Protection Agency OSHA-Occupational Safety and Health Administration Service

what substances are prohibited in foods by the delaney clause?

any substance shown to cause cancer in man or animal

Occasionally, the FDA will allow controversial additives to foods that may harm a subset of US consumers, w/the stipulation of requiring a statement that provides customers w/ 'informed consent'. What is the statement of for products containing aspartame?

Phenylketonurics: contains phenylalanine

Name ten of the 14 mandatory dietary components required in the new nutritional labels.

total calories, calories from fat, total fat, saturated fat, cholesterol, sodium, total carbohydrate, dietary fiber, sugars, protein, vitamin A, vitamin C, calcium, iron

Name the body of FAO WHO concern refreshed standards including additives and pesticides. In foods allowable limits micronutrient supplementation.

Codex Alimentarius Commission

In which year was Pure Food and Drug Act enacted? What did it achieve?

The Pure Food and Drug Act of 1906 protected consumers by prohibiting the sale of contaminated or mislabeled food and drugs. It also established the foundation for the Food and Drug Administration (FDA).

Define 'defect action level".

Level of contamination that calls for seizing a product

What FDA publication serves as a model that assists food control jurisdictions at all levels of government by providing them with a scientifically sound technical and legal basis for regulating the retail and food service segment of the industry?

Food Code

According to recent federal regulations, a warning label must be on fruit juice products, which have not been so processed or treated to achieve what performance standard?

5 log (100,000 or 99.999%) reductions in significant pathogens

Who is the current commissioner of the FDA?

Dr. Margaret 'Peggy' Hamburg (since 2009)

In July 1992, the U.S 9th Circuit Court of Appeals ruled that the negligible risk (de minimus) policy used by the EPA to regulate pesticide use on foods violated what legislation of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FFDCA)?

Delaney Clause

Which federal agency houses the National Marine Fishing Service?

US Department of Commerce

In what publication could one find the complete general enforcement regulations regarding the Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act?

Federal Code of Regulations, Title 21

What is the artificial color number for Erythrosine?

FD&C Red No.3

Where does one find (ie legal citation) the defect action levels for foods

In the Compliance Policy Guides manual

What 1967 act specifies that all meat sold must have been slaughtered and processed at a facility that was federally inspected or inspected in a state whose meat inspection laws were as strict as federal standards?

Wholesome Meat Act

Ingredient labels have a recommended level for added sugar consumption, what is it?

10% of total calorie

How many FDA regions are there in the U.S.?

Which color additive is allowed by FDA to color the skins of oranges not intended for processing?

Citrus Red No. 2

What is adulteration?

Adulteration means the food in question has failed to meet industry or FDA or USDA health and safety standards

What is one of the oldest federal agencies whose primary function is consumer protection?

CFSAN, center for food safety and applied nutrition

What percentage of a vitamin/mineral must be present in a food in order for it to be called an excellent source/high in/rich in?

0.2

What branch of the USDA has responsibility for administering the Meat Inspection Act?

Food Safety and Inspection Services

Who was the first administrator over the Food and Drug Act?

Harvey Wiley.

A product that contains less than 140 mg sodium per serving may be labeled as what kind of product with regard to sodium content claim?

Low sodium

According to the Codex Alimentarius. What is the difference between extra virgin olive oil and virgin olive oil?

the main differences the oleic acid content so extra virgin must be less than point eight grams per 100 grams and Virgin must be less than two grams per 100 grams.

Name 5 of the 14 mandatory dietary components that must appear on the nutrition facts panel as stated in the Nutrition labeling and education act of 1990.

total calories, dietary fiber, trans fat, sugars, total fat, Vitamin A, Cholesterol, Vitamin C, saturated fat, sodium, iron, calcium, total carbohydrate, protein

The Pure Food and Drug Act of 1906 required processors to do which of the following? (a) Test to safety of their additives (b) Disclose the additives used (c) Not use injurious substances in food (d) Prove the efficacy of the additives used

What is the Codex Alimentarious Commission?

a group of 144 countries that develop standards for food commodities internationally

When were small food processing plants (10-499 employees) required by USDA to implement HACCP?

January 1999.

Poultry Products Inspection Act

1957

Meat is regulated by?

USDA

According to section 403 of the FDCA, an imitation food which is not declared on the label as such is adulterated, mislabeled, or misbranded?

misbranded

What does CFR stand for?

Code of Federal Regulations

what 5 statements regarding sodium content in a food are allowed by the FDA on a food label?

Sodium Free, very low sodium, low sodium, reduced sodium, and unsalted

A certified food color is one: (a) That the US Government passed for safety (b) That the US Government passed for use in 1958 (c) That the US Government passed for purity (d) That has zero viscosity (e) None of the above

What is the name of FD&C Green No.3?

Fast Green

The FDA action level for mercury in shark and swordfish is: A) zero B) 20 ppb C) 1 ppm D) 10 ppm

C) 1 ppm

What does the Fair Packaging and Labeling Act of 1967 require on all food labels?

Name and address of manufacturer or distributor, name of food, net contents in terms of weight, measure, or count, and ingredients statement

Give the legal citation number and name of the regulation involved in the sterilization of foods.

21 CFR 113 Low acid canned food regulation

What distinguishes a regulation from a law?

A regulation is an interpretation of a law by government officials

The Codex general standards for labeling, what is the only situation that ingredient list is not needed?

if it is single ingredient

What does the 1913 Gould Amendment require of food products marketed in the U.S.?

It requires that contents be plainly marked on the outside of the food package

What was the impact of the FDA Modernization Act (FDAMA) of 1997 on food additive evaluation and approval?

As a result of FDAMA, certain indirect food additives (those that meet the definition of food contact substances) are approved by a premarket notification process rather than the traditional petition process.

In the 2022 Food Code by FDA what is the term used for the process of moderating the temperature of a food such as allowing a food to gradually increase from a temperature of -23C (-10F) to -4C (25F) in preparation for deep-fat frying or to facilitate even heat penetration during the cooking of previously block-frozen food such as shrimp.

Slacking.

How does FSIS define a Class III Product Recall?

A Class III recall involves a situation in which eating the food will not cause adverse health consequences.

What three US government agencies regulate GMO?

FDA, APHIS-USDA, EPA

Per Codex, what % cocoa dose semi-bitter chocolate need to be? a. 15 b. 30 c. 45 d. 70

b. 15%

What agency would publish a report comparing the incidence of foodborne illnesses in restaurants and homes?

FDA

Which of the following allergens does Canada require to be labeled but the United States does not? Shellfish, Celery, Sesame, Egg

Sesame

what agency regulates the production, labeling, and sale of wine coolers?

wine coolers= FDA

What is CFR

Code of Federal Regulations

Name the cabinet-level agency responsible for FSIS, FDA, Biopesticides, and Alcohol.

USDA, Department of Health and Human Services, EPA, and Department of Justice

Can a food be marketed as a modified food product under a standard name even if it does not meet all the requirements of the standard?

If listed as a modified or imitation version of the standard product

Define "indirect" additive

substances that may come into contact with food as part of packaging or processing equipment, but are not intended to be added directly to food.

What federal organization provides the marine fisheries industry with a number of services?

National Marine Fisheries Service

Distinguish between a law and a regulation.

A law is made by legislators or elected officials. A regulation is made by government officials.

According to the NLEA, what health claim can be made regarding dietary saturated fat and cholesterol?

dietary saturated fat/cholesterol and coronary heart disease

Which regulatory agency has the prime responsibility for the safety, wholesomeness, and nutritional quality of food in the U.S.?

The FDA

What FD&C lake pigment was banned in 1990 by the USFDA?

Red no. 3 lake

According to FDA, what is the only fish that produces real caviar?

Sturgeon

Food Additives Amendment (Delaney Clause)

1958

In 1991, who succeeded Frank Young as the Commissioner of Food and Drugs in the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services?

(David A.) Kessler

What does NAFTA stand for?

North American Free Trade Agreement

Which color additive is allowed by FDA only in hot dog and sausage casings or surfaces?

Orange B

Colorants used in the food industry may be categorized as certified or colors exempt from certification. What colorants are found in each of the above categories?

Certified colorants: Food, Drug, and Cosmetic (FD&C) dyes and lakes

ISO 9000 applies to which of the following: A. Quality management system B. Food safety system C. Environmental management system D. Occupational health and safety

A. Quality management system

How much calorie reduction is needed for a food to be considered reduced calorie food?

1/3 calorie reduction

What part of the food industry is regulated by the U.S. Department of Treasury?

Purity and safety of alcoholic beverages, and other distilled beverages

What US federal agency is responsible for the safety of drinking water?

EPA

What does FTC stand for?

Federal Trade Commission

Name five color additives approved by FDA that are exempted from labelling requirement.

Annatto extract, beta-carotene, grape skin extract, cochineal extract or carmine, paprika oleoresin, caramel color, fruit and vegetable juices, saffron

What does the acronym IFIS stand for?

International food information service

What is the name of the amendment to the Pure Food and Drug act that was passed in 1912?

Sherley Amendment

Which federal agency is responsible for regulating the sale and use of pesticides in the United States?

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)

What federal agency has the responsibility for administration of the Fair Packaging and Labeling Act?

FDA

Which government agency is responsible for ensuring that the nation's commercial supply of meat, poultry, and egg products is safe, wholesome, and correctly labeled and packaged?

FSIS

What are the three categories of claims for food and dietary supplements labels as defined in the statute for FDA regulation?

Structure Function claim; Health claim; Nutrient content claim

According to the original Pure Food Law of 1906, what two things were required to be on a food package label?

Alcohol content and Narcotic content

Name the year in which following acts/amendments were enacted and if applicable, what do they stand for: DSHEA, FPLA, color additive ammendment in FDCA, Delaney Clause in FDCA, FSMA, NLEA, FDCA, Pure Food and Drug Act, Meat Inspection Act, Massachusetts "An Act against selling unwholesome provisions", WMA, GMP

DSHEA: Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act, 1994 FPLA: Fair Packaging and Labelling Act, 1967 Color Additive ammendment in FDCA: 1960 Delaney Clause in FDCA: 1958 FSMA: Food Safety Modernization Act, 2011 NLEA: Nutrition Labelling and Education Act, 1990 FDCA: Federal Food Drug and Cosmetic Act 1938 Pure Food and Drug Act: 1906 Meat Inspection Act: 1906 Massachusetts "An Act against selling unwholesome provisions": 1785 WMA: Wholesome Meat Act, 1967 GMP: Good Manufacturing Practices, 1958

According to the Codex Alimentarius, what is the minimum percentage fat that required for cream and prepare creams

0.1

what agency regulates the production, labeling, and sale of Turkey?

Turkey= USDA

What Congressional law provides that no food additive may be considered safe if it produces cancer when ingested, at any level, by man or animals?

The Delaney Clause

What does NLEA stand for?

Nutrition Labeling and Education Act

Which year was DSHEA enacted and what does it stand for?

Dietary Supplements Health and Education Act, 1994

List the current subparts listed under 21 CFR part 110.5 Current Good Manufacturing Practices

Umbrella GMPs: subpart: A. General provisions B. Building and facilities C. Equipment D. (reserved) E. Production and process controls F. (reserved) G. Defect action levels

sweet chocolate must contain what percent chocolate liquor?

0.15

According to the USDA National Organic Standards, ingredients derived by biotechnology or GMOs: a- are not allowed in organic products, b - are only allowed in first generation organic products, c- are allowed in organic products, d - are only allowed if declared and identified as such on the label

Not allowed

What are the requirements for using the word reduced?

contains 25% less of a given nutrient or a 25% reduction in calories.

According to the NLEA, what health claim can be made regarding fruits and vegetables?

fruits and vegetables and cancer

What does OSPA stand for?

Office of Scientific Public Affairs

Give the correct name for the following initials of current or past government agencies: APHIS, C&MS, FSQS, FSIS, EPA.

APHIS-Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service; C&MS-Consumer and Marketing Service; FSQS-Food Safety and Quality Service; FSIS-Food Safety and Inspection Service; EPA-Environmental Protection Agency

What are the 4 basic chemical classes of certified dyes?

azo, anthraquinone, carbonyl, phthalocyanine

Which law is believed to be the first US food safety law and what did it achieve?

In 1785, Massachusetts passed "An Act Against Selling Unwholesome Provisions," believed to be the first U.S. food safety law, regulating the local sale of food, regardless of its origin.

FDA is under which government agency?

Department of Health and Human Services

In 2020, the FDA removed the standard of identity in which pie?

cherry pie

What will an injunction action by the FDA do to your company?

It will prevent you from producing the product in question until you comply with FDA regulations

Titles of CFR pertaining to food.

Title 7, 9, 21, 27, 50

Q: At what level is a food a reduced calorie food?

A: One-third reduction in calories

Food safety plans must be reviewed often to ensure that they are up to date. Under old HACCP guidelines, how often was review required and how often will review be legally required under FSMA?

HACCP required review at least once a year; FSMA requires food safety plans to be reviewed one every three years

What action did the FDA take regarding raw milk's interstate shipment?

They banned interstate shipment of final package form for human consumption.

What is the artificial color number for Fast Green?

FD&C Green No.3

List three (3) impacts of the Public Health Security and Bioterrorism Preparedness and Response Act (aka Bioterrorism Act) on FDA regulation of the food industry.

FDA now has administrative detention authority for foods suspected of being adulterated; All food processing and handling facilities under FDA jurisdiction must register with the agency; Importers of food must give prior notice to the FDA; Establishment and maintenance of records; Eliminated “port shopping” by importers;

The USDA Farm Service Agency was founded in 1935. It has undergone many name changes. List 4 of its previous names.

Farm security administration, resettlement administration, commodity stabilization service, agricultural stabilization and conservation service, consolidated farm service agency

The owner of a registered U.S. trademark has certain rights to that property. What must the owner do to have these rights?

Use the trademark. Ownership is acquired only by use

The Good Manufacturing Practice Regulations for the packing and thermal processing of low-acid foods in hermetically sealed containers is located in which federal publication?

Title 21 of the Code of Federal Regulations

What is standard of Identity?

Mandatory, federally set requirements that determine what a food product must contain to be marketed with a certain name.

In 1994, Title 21 section 104.20a of CFR was amended by FDA, commonly referred to as jellybean rule. How does it affect food companies?

It prevents companies from fortifying junk or snack food and marketing it as healthy.

What is the name of the amendment to the Pure Food and Drug act that was passed in 1930?

McNary-Mapes Amendment

what president signed into existence the USDA and this country's Land Grant College System?

Abraham Lincoln in 1862

What does FCC stand for?

Food Chemicals Codex

What title of the Code of Federal Regulations is entitled "Food and Drugs"?

Title 21

Which act, amended in 1972, requires anyone to obtain a permit before discharging pollutants from point sources into waters in the U.S.?

The Clean Water Act

Q: Who is the FSIS?

A: Food Safety and Inspection Service

Of the following four choices, which is the purpose of food laws and regulations? a. Ensure the safety and wholesomeness of the food supply, b. Prevent economic fraud or deception in food labeling, c. Inform consumers about the nutritional content and healthfulness of foods, d. All of the above

d. All of the above

According to the NLEA, what health claim can be made regarding soy intake?

soy intake and cancer

Color Additive Amendment of 1960

defines color additives, sets rules for certified and uncertified colors, provides for the approval of colors that are exempt from certification and allows the FDA to list color additives for specific uses and set quantity limitations. Also contains a Delaney Clause.

What does the acronym ISO stand for?

ISO means equal under International Organization for Standards

Which federal regulating body requires that all animal foods, like human foods, be safe to eat, and produced under sanitary conditions?

FDA

Which agency enforces pesticide tolerances in raw foods?

FDA

Who publishes food chemicals, Codex

United States Pharmacopeia

The 1999 treaty between the US and Japan was important for the importation of what food?

Meat

What four food additives were banned in the 'California Food Safety Act' in 2023?

Red #3 (Erythrosine), Potassium bromate, Brominated vegetable oil, Propylparaben

Sodium free/no sodium

<5mg/serving

Which government agency is responsible for policing food advertisements that run on television?

the Federal Trade Commission

What body implements the FAO/WHO Food Standards Program, protects health and interests of consumers, and encourages fair international trade in food?

Codex Alimentarius Commission (CODEX).

What did the Delaney Clause do?

food additives were added to the Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act in 1958.

Under what Act was the FDA established?

Pure Food and Drug Act of 1906

Three food groups exempt from mandatory nutrition labelling.

Fresh Produce, fruits, veggies, medical food, alcohol, bottled water, bulk fruits, airplane service foods, free samples, coffee, tea and spices

What is the name of FD&C Blue No.1?

Brilliant Blue

What is the major law in the U.S. which controls the safety of food, drugs, medical devices, and cosmetics?

the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic act of 1938

How long does a US patent last?

20 years

What is the name of FD&C Blue No.2?

Indigotine

What makes poultry inspection mandatory for any processor that ship product?

In interstate commerce

What main agency is charged with enforcing standards that limit exposure to ionizing radiation?

US Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC)

Food additives that have GRAS status: a. can be used in foods without special approval from the FDA, b. can substitute for Good Manufacturing Practices, c. can only be used in beverages, d. do not need to be declared on the ingrediants list

a. an be used in foods without special approval from the FDA

What 5 general provisions were established in the 1958 Food Additives Amendment?

1)Additives were defined; 2)Burden of proof for approval shifted to industry;3)Delaney Clause outlawed carcinogens;4)GRAS list was established;5)GMP's were established

Name the three classes of product recalls and the health hazards associate with them.

Class I: Serious health hazard; Class II: Possible health hazard; Class III: No health hazard

7 FSMA regulations.

Produce safety rule. Foreign supplier verification programs (FSVP) Sanitary Transportation Rule. Protection Against Intentional Adulteration. Accredited Third-Party Certification. Preventive Control Rule for Human and Animal Food. Voluntary Qualified Importer Program (VQIP)

Which title and part of the Code of Federal Regulations is Good Manufacturing Practices found?

Title 21, Part 110

When was the Nutritional Labeling act passed and when did it become effective?

1990, May 8, 1994

In February of 1990 the FDA approved the use of the fat substitute Simplesse for what category of products?

Frozen desserts

Based on FDA definition, four substances exempt from the definition of food additive.

Pesticide residues, color additives, new animal drugs, dietary supplements

What is the name of FD&C Red No.40?

Allura Red

what is the minimum percentage Daily Value of fiber on nutritional label to declare the food product an excellent source of fiber?

0.2

Give the industries where HACCP is required.

Seafood, Poultry and Meat, Fruits and Vegetables

According to the U.S. government, food irradiation is regulated as which: a process, an additive, or a unit operation?

An additive

What is FSIS?

Food Safety Inspection Service

What does FDAMA stand for?

Foods and Drug Administration Modernization Act

When was the dietary supplement health and education act enacted?

1994

What is the full form of USDA?

United States Department of Agriculture

Name one source of each of the following classes of colorants exempt from certification: Anthocyanins, Betalains, Caramel, Canthaxanthin, Chlorophylls, Riboflavin.

Anthocyanins-grape skins, elderberries; Betalains-red beets, cactus fruits; Caramel-modified sugar; Canthaxanthin (carotenoid)-mushrooms, crustaceans, fish, seaweed; Chlorophylls-green vegetables; Riboflavin-milk (Source: Food Technology, 1993)

Two part question: What does PMO stand for and are its regulations mandatory?

Pasteurized milk ordinance; No - they are guidelines that can be accepted or adapted by states

Which food colorants must be specifically labelled because they may induce allergic reactions?

FD&C Yellow #5 (or tartrazine) and #6

What is the full form of EMP?

Environmental Monitoring Program

What 2 parabens are permitted for use in food products in US?

Methylparaben, propylparaben

Name one group regulating the seafood industry.

FDA

Which of the following do not require pre-market approval by the FDA? a. structure-function claims b. health claim c. drugs d. food additives

a. structure-function claims

What was the first comprehensive law regulating food colors?

Federal Food and Drugs Act of 1906

What is the FDA action level for aflatoxins in nearly all US commodities?

20 ppb (animal feeds and milk are exceptions)

The abbreviation CAST stands for ______. What is this organization composed of?

Council for Agricultural Science and Technology. It is a consortium of 29 professional societies in food and agricultural science (including IFT, AACC, ADSA)

What did the Meat Inspection Act achieve and when was it enacted?

The Meat Inspection Act of 1906, signed into law by President Theodore Roosevelt, established federal regulations for the meatpacking industry to ensure sanitary conditions and prevent the sale of adulterated or misbranded meat products.

Food and Drug administration is responsible for the enforcement of food additives regulation in US. Which canadian agency is responsible for the same?

CFIA (Canadian food inspection agency)

Q: Raw milk is still sold in some states but the FDA has recently taken a firm position on its interstate shipment. What action did the FDA take?

A: They banned interstate shipment of final package form for human consumption.

What does ICSMF stand for?

International Commission on Microbiological Specifications for Foods

To what % is water allowed to be added to ground beef?

Due to congressional action, the safety of food additives must be proven by the food industry rather than the regulatory agencies such as the FDA. Give the year and the name of this legislation.

1958, Food Additives Amendment to the FD&C Act

Who sets legal tolerances for pesticide residues in foods?

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)

Of the three types of product recalls, types I, II, and III, which one deals with critically hazardous products?

Class I

Which U.S. president signed legislation in 1862, establishing the first U.S. Department of Agriculture?

Abraham Lincoln

Q: Which act requires inspection of all meat if it is moved within or between states?

A: Wholesome Meat Act of 1967

What are the four categories of food additives established by the FDA?

GRAS, prior sanctioned, regulated, banned

Q: What are the six items that must be present on the label of a meat product?

A: Name, net weight, ingredient statement, company, storage instructions, inspection legend.

What does DSHEA stand for?

Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act

What term describes a compound added to a food to achieve a technical effect during processing, shipping or storage, that is later removed or reduced to an insignificant level?

A processing aid

The first federal food law was passed in 1906. What was it?

Food and Drugs Act and/or Meat Inspection Act, both June 30th, 1906.

What year is food drugs and cosmetic act?

1938

What does GMA stand for?

Grocery Manufacturers of America

Give the history of name changes of FDA.

Beginning as the Division of Chemistry in 1862 and then (after July 1901) the Bureau of Chemistry, the modern era of the FDA dates to 1906 with the passage of the Federal Food and Drugs Act; this added regulatory functions to the agency's scientific mission. The Bureau of Chemistry's name changed to the Food, Drug, and Insecticide Administration in July 1927, when the non-regulatory research functions of the bureau were transferred elsewhere in the department. In July 1930 the name was shortened to the present version.

What is the name of a food process which is considered to be a food additive under the Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act?

Irradiation

What is the full form of CFR?

Code of Federal Regulations

What are the six certified food color and their names?

Blue 1: Brilliant Blue Blue 2: Indigotine Green 3: Fast green Red 40: Allura red Yellow 5: Tartrazine Yellow 6: Sunset yellow

define the following acronyms relating to government agencies USDA, TTB, DHHS, FDA,USDA

United States Department of Agriculture, Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau, Department of Health and human Services, Food and Drug Administration

How long does a U.S. patent last?

20 years (note: utility and plant patents last 20 years; design patents last 14 years)

The Delaney Clause prohibits the use of the suspected carcinogen: a) above the level tested in chronic tests, b) at a level that is above 1/100 of the minimum physiological response in animals, c) above the LD50, d) at any level above zero, e) if used above the ADI

d) at any level above zero

What natural color needs to be certified?

None

In what decade was the Bureau of Chemistry within the Department of Agriculture changed to the FDA?

in the 1930's

Define and differentiate between GMPs and cGMPs.

GMPs are Good Manufacturing Practices used by the food industry; cGMPs are Current Good Manufacturing Practices regulations under FDA codified at 21 CFR 110

How long does a US patent last?

20 years

Why can vanillin be added to chocolate and it does not have to be labeled on the front panel that it is artificially flavored?

One can add artificial flavorings to foods that do not 'resemble, reinforce, or enhance the named flavor' and not label the front panel as being artificially flavored

First Federal Food Standards Issues

1939

What is the USDA legal limit for moisture in dried apples?

0.22

Which government agency is responsible for regulating the use of food additives?

FDA

Why was Sassafras bark banned by the United States Food and Drug Administration in 1976?

Due to the carcinogenic properties of its chemical safrole.

What is the full form of FAO?

Food and Agriculture Organization

Good source

10-19% DRI/RDA

the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Seafood Inspection Program insures the safety and quality of seafood consumed in the US. This agency can be found in what government department?

Department of Commerce

Protecting consumers health and ensuring fair practices in the food trade are the goals of what international document?

Codex Alimentarius

What term refers to water-soluble colorants that color by dissolution?

FD&C dyes

The Delaney Clause is exempted for animal drugs in what specific type of food?

Animal feed

The Food and Drug Act was enacted on June 30, 1906, and The Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act on June 25, 1938. The two presidents who signed these acts during their respective terms had what common last name?

1906 Act--Pres. Theodore ROOSEVELT; 1938 Act--Pres. Franklin D. ROOSEVELT

What USDA Agency is responsible for the safety of our food supply?

Food Safety and Inspection Service

What are the two types of certified food colorants?

lakes (water and oil soluble) and dyes (water soluble)

What is the name given to substances that may come into contact with food as part of packaging or processing equipment, but are not intended to be added directly to food by the FDA?

Indirect Additive

What is the artificial color number for Tartrazine?

FD&C Yellow No.5

What does GIPSA stand for?

Grain Inspection, Packers, and Stockyard Administration

Name 5 of the 12 USDA-approved GMO food products

alfalfa, apple, corn, pineapple, salmon, soybean, squash, sugar beet, potato, tomato

In accordance to the NLEA, what are the general disqualifying levels for fat, saturated fat, cholesterol, and sodium that must not be exceeded in order to make a health claim?

13.0 g fat, 4.0 g Sat. fat, 60 mg cholesterol, 480 mg sodium

What is required for a product to bear the label "100% organic"?

Products labeled as “100% organic” must contain only organically produced ingredients and processing aids, excluding water and salt. No other ingredients or additives are permitted.

Fat free:

: less than 0.5g fat/serving or per 100g

Under FSMA, The Preventive Controls for Human Food Rule exempts some smaller scale processors from some parts of the rule. Are these processors "Covered Facilities" or "Qualified Facilities"?

Qualified Facilities are exempt from some parts of the rule, and may not need to have a full safety plan as defined by the rule.

What is the act of intentionally debasing the quality of food offered for sale, either from the addition or substitution that is either from addition or substitution of inferior substances or by the removal of some valuable ingredient.

Adulteration

According to a 1993 food marketing institute survey, what is the number one piece of information sought by American food label readers?

fat content - followed closely by ingredients, calories, and other nutrient information

Which government agency is responsible for regulation of labeling of use of pesticides?

EPA -- Environmental Protection Agency

In 1998, the FDA prepared a document that lead to the development of Good Agricultural Practices (GAPs). What is the name of this document?

Guide to minimize microbial food safety hazards for fresh fruits and vegetables

What acts were both signed by Theodore Roosevelt in 1906, spurred by Upton Sinclair's novel?

Pure Food and Drug Act, Meat Inspection Act.

In what year was the poultry products inspection act passed, and what did it do?

1957, made poultry inspection mandatory for any processor that ships products in interstate commerce

What two pieces of information must be shown on the principle display panel of a package containing greater than 0.5 ounces of a food product?

Weight declaration and the name of the product

what is the federally mandated minimum soluble solids content of jams, jellies, and preserves?

0.65

What is the maximum amount of fat per RACC (reference amount customarily consumed) allowed in a product labeled "fat free"?

0.5 g

According to the code of Federal Regulations, if unpasteurized milk is used to manufacture cheese, how long must the cheese be aged prior to sale?

at least 60 days

Light/lite:

: if fat makes up 50%+ calories, fat content reduced 50%. If fat makes up less than 50% calories, calories reduced by 33.3% or fat reduced by 50% compared to reference food

The Delaney Clause prohibits the use of the suspected chemical at which of the following levels? (a) Above the level tested in chronic tests (b) At a level that is above 1/100 of the minimum physiological response in animals (c) Above the LD 50 (d) At any level above zero (e) If used above the ADI

(d) At any level above zero

In which year was the color additive ammendment was done in FDCA? What did it achieve?

The Color Additive Amendments of 1960, a part of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act, established that color additives, except for coal-tar hair dyes, must be approved by the FDA before use in food, drugs, cosmetics, and certain medical devices.

What does FSMA stand for?

Food Safety Modernization Act

What is the artificial sweetener that was recently removed in 2000 from the carcinogen list?

Saccharin

Key differences between FDA and USDA

FDA is much smaller and only covers safety, labeling of food/drugs/makeup, medical devices. USDA is much larger and their regulations cover all aspects of food and food production.

Minimum sodium reduction to declare a reduced sodium product?

25% of the original.

Which regulation regulates the frequency in microwave?

FCC (Federal Communications Commission)

Q: What food related act was signed into law by the president on november 9, 1990?

A: The Nutrition Labeling and Education Act of 1990.

Ingredient lists must appear on all foods that have more than how many ingredients?

One

What does DHHS stand for?

Department of Health and Human Services

Flashcard Info

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